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Introduction
Metallurgy plant and mine communication is an indispensable part of production and operation. It improves production safety and energy efficiency, promoting economic and social benefits. At present, many metal processing plants and youngs of mine use wired (optical, copper wire) and wireless (mobile, satellite) communication systems to realize the communication and control of production, remote sensing and control, communication between branches and local areas, etc. With the development of modern communication technology and the application of various new intelligent instruments, remote control techniques, and various communication processes, communication engineering is becoming more and more complicated. The field of metallurgy and mining is particularly demanding of communication, and the requirements of communication engineering are becoming heavier and heavier.
It is necessary to use acoustic sound wave to realize voice and data transmission in special occasions such as mines and metallurgical plants with complicated geographical environment, unfavorable climate and explosive nature. In this paper, we mainly discuss the design and application of underground mining and mining industry acoustic communication devices.
Design of Acoustic Communications
The design principle of surface and underground acoustic signals is based on the basic principle of sound transmission and sound wave propagation. The acoustic signal is mainly composed of ground wave and atmosphere (or space) wave. The surface wave is composed of ground wave, atmosphere wave, and atmosphere reflection wave. The first two waves are used for wireless data transmission and communication, and the last one is used for voice communication. The space wave is composed of sky wave and space wavelength reflection wave, which is mainly used for radio communication.
The design of acoustic signal system should take into account the propagation characteristics of acoustic signal in special environment such as building, ground and atmosphere of metallurgy and mining industry, and the interference and isolation of noise, in order to ensure transmission quality of acoustic signal.
The design of acoustic communications should pay attention to the following problems. First, the acoustic transmitter should be designed in a manner that maximizes the energy of the transmitted signal and at the same time reduces the influence of noise. Second, due to the influence of the thermal structure of the atmosphere, the signal carrying frequency should be selected reasonably so that the signal transmission quality can reach the best. Third, the frequency of the transmission signal is affected by the physical structure of the device, so it is necessary to make sure that the signal transmission quality meets the actual requirements.
Application of Acoustic Communications
Acoustic signal system is widely applied in the production, operation and safety of metallurgy and mining industry. The most common application of it is communication, control and monitoring.
The acoustic communication device is mainly used in coal mine, iron and steel plant and other metallurgical and mine enterprise to build underground monitoring system. This system can send and receive sound signals, vibration signals and other signals, and realize interconnection with direct monitoring points and remote monitoring points. It is mainly used for gas concentration monitoring, identity recognition, emergency rescue, remote diagnosis, underground alarm and other functions.
In the aspect of security, acoustic communication device can be used for voice communication between different levels or different personnel, communication for safety management, intercommunication for video surveillance, two-way communication for emergency rescue, remote control and communication for mobile robot, and communication connection for scattered monitoring terminals.
Conclusion
This paper mainly discusses the design and application of acoustic communications in metallurgy and mining industry. Through detailed analysis and comparison, it has been concluded that the design of acoustic signal system should take into account the propagation characteristics of the acoustic signal in the special environment of the metallurgy and mining industry, and the interference and isolation of noise, in order to ensure the transmission quality of the acoustic signal; the signal should be selected reasonably to avoid the interference of the thermal structure of the atmosphere; the signal transmission quality should be guaranteed according to the actual physical structure of the device; the application of acoustic signal system mainly involves communication, control and monitoring.
