Lubricating Roller Bearings
Roller bearings are a type of bearing that use cylinders, or rollers, as the rolling element. Roller bearings are capable of supporting much heavier loads than other types of bearings, such as ball bearings. This enables them to be used in applications that require heavier loads such as automotive transmissions, off-road vehicles, and industrial applications. Proper lubrication of roller bearings is essential to extending the life of the bearing and the machinery it is supporting.
Roller bearing lubricant has several characteristics that make it excellent for its intended purpose. First, it reduces friction which helps extend the life of the bearing and reduce heat build up as the bearing rolls. Second, it helps reduce wear on the bearing as well as helps it to resist corrosion. Finally, it helps to protect the bearings seals and helps keep out dirt, dust and other contaminants.
The two main components of roller bearing lubricant are the base oil and the additives. The base oil serves as the main lubricant and has two primary purposes. It acts as an anti-wear agent and helps protect the bearings surfaces from abrasive wear caused by the bearings movement. The base oil also provides base viscosity which allows the roller bearing to move freely, even at cooler temperatures.
Additives are chemical compounds that are added to the base oil to improve its performance and extend its life. Additives are generally used in small amounts because they can give the lubricant properties that are not found in base oils, such as increased anti-wear protection, reduced friction, and improved corrosion resistance.
Though there are a variety of additives used in roller bearing lubricants, the most commonly used are: EP (Extreme Pressure) additives, anti-oxidant additives, and anti-foaming agents. EP additives help increase the amount of bearing pressure that the lubricant can handle before it starts to break down and cause wear on the surfaces. EP additives also help to ensure smoother operation in more extreme temperatures and more difficult operating conditions.
Anti-oxidant additives help to prevent oxidation of the base oil and extend its life. Many anti-oxidant additives also act as detergents that help to keep the lubricant clean. Finally, anti-foaming agents are added to help reduce air bubbles which can slow the bearings performance down and cause it to overheat.
The correct application of roller bearing lubricant is essential to correct operation and maximum bearing life. Too much lubricant can cause excessive heat build up, while too little will cause inadequate lubrication. Other factors such as temperature and environmental exposure should also be taken into consideration when applying lubricant to a roller bearing.
Overall, proper selection and application of roller bearing lubricants is essential to safe operation, long life, and protection of the bearings and other components supported by the bearing. Selecting the right roller bearing lubricant and applying it correctly is essential for ensuring the life and performance of any bearing application.
