Tooth erosion is a common and often neglected dental problem due to its slow and silent development. It occurs when the tooth enamel is worn away, resulting in painless, but progressive and often irreversible damage to the teeth. The condition affects dental enamel more than any other surface in the human body.
Tooth erosion occurs when acidic foods and drinks, digestive acids, and other agents come into contact with the teeth. As the pH of the saliva returns to normal, the process of demineralization begins. During demineralization, minerals and ions in the tooth enamel are removed. The surface of the tooth gradually wears away due to the presence of these acids, and consequently, cavities and tooth loss can occur.
Tooth erosion is most commonly seen in people who frequently eat or drink acidic or carbonated beverages, such as sports drinks and soft drinks. It is also common in patients who suffer from bulimia or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The acids produced by bulimic vomit and stomach acid from GERD can erode the enamel.
Tooth erosion can cause a variety of symptoms, such as discoloured teeth, pain that is only felt when eating, extreme sensitivity to cold and hot food and beverages, flattened surfaces, and dull tooth enamel. It can also lead to tooth decay, which can create deep cavities and require root canals.
Fortunately, tooth erosion can be treated and prevented. Proper oral hygiene is key to preventing further damage and restoring the health of the teeth. Brushing twice a day and flossing at least once a day helps break down and remove plaque, which is the primary cause of cavities. Additionally, using a fluoride toothpaste helps strengthen the tooth enamel and prevent erosion.
Limiting acidic and sugary foods and drinks can also be helpful. Additionally, drinking fluoridated water or using prescription fluoride toothpaste can help reduce the rate of tooth erosion. A dentist can determine the extent of the individuals tooth erosion and develop a personalized treatment plan.
In more advanced cases, bonding, veneers, or crowns may be recommended to reduce the sensitivity and improve cosmetic appearance. Dental sealants can be used to protect the weakened enamel, and medications such as fluoride gels or approaches using a dental laser may also be used.
In conclusion, tooth erosion is a common and often neglected dental problem that can lead to severe tooth decay if left untreated. Fortunately, proper oral hygiene and lifestyle changes can help reduce the rate of progression and even reverse the effects of tooth erosion. An individual should visit their dentist regularly to detect and address any signs of tooth erosion before it becomes a more serious issue.
