The Principle of Determining the Loading of a Blast Furnace
The blast furnace is a self-heating type furnace, which is used to smelt iron ore into pure iron. It is the most important equipment for the production of iron and steel. The loading of blast furnace directly affects the production efficiency and fuel consumption. Therefore, the determination of the amount of loading of blast furnace is extremely important. From the perspective of the production process, in order to ensure the heating and melting of iron ore in the blast furnace and the extraction of useful pig iron, it is necessary to determine the loading amount of the blast furnace reasonably and accurately.
In the production of pig iron, the principle of loading blast furnace is mainly to ensure the rate of production of burning raw material. If the rate is too fast, it is easy to cause ore discharge, short residence time of charge in the blast furnace, incomplete burning of raw materials, and can not play a role of self-heating. For this reason, when loading the blast furnace, it is necessary to ensure that the lime-saturation ratio between the melting point ore and the solid ore is appropriate, so as to ensure its burning and heat storage effect.
In addition, when loading blast furnace, the physical characteristics of the raw materials should also be taken into account. Generally, the raw materials are composed of various mineral materials, such as iron ore, coke and other combustible materials. These materials have different burning characteristics, so its necessary to determine their optimum ratio for loading the blast furnace. At the same time, when selecting the materials to be loaded into the furnace, the combustibles should be reasonably combined to ensure that the waste of raw materials is minimized.
In order to ensure the efficiency and quality of pig iron smelting, the physical characteristics of raw materials, such as particle size and composition, should also be taken into consideration. According to actual needs, the raw materials passing through the furnace door should be screened, and the ones with insufficient size should be returned to the furnace for reprocessing. The particle size and composition of the raw materials passing through the furnace door should be reasonably determined. If the particle size is too small, it is not conducive to the formation of blast furnace volume and the heat storage effect of charge. On the contrary, if the particle size is too large, it is difficult to form slag, so that the iron ore has difficulty in melting and separation.
The loading and operation of blast furnace is complicated and affects the production efficiency significantly. Therefore, the determination of the loading of blast furnace needs to consider more factors. The principle of loading is to determine the type, quantity and physical characteristics of the raw materials in the blast furnace reasonably and accurately, and to keep the optimum ratio of the raw materials and the size distribution before loading the raw materials. In this way, the heat storage effect and particle size of the raw materials can be ensured, so as to make the production of pig iron reach the best effect.
