Intrinsic Noise and Its Control Methods

Introduction

Essential noise is described as an interference in the signal of a system which cannot be eliminated by simple filtering techniques. It is an undesired noise which doesn’t depend on the flow of electrical energy or heat. It is a random electrical fluctuation by nature. Essential noise is created by the characteristics of a system and is commonly found in electronic systems. It is also known as intrinsic noise.

Types of Essential Noise

There are various types of essential noise that can be found in electronic systems. Thermal noise is one of the most common types of essential noise. It is created by thermal agitation of electrons and is directly proportional to temperature. Shot noise is another type of essential noise which is created due to the random arrival of electrons in a circuit element. Flicker noise is generated due to random fluctuations in the current. Additionally, there is noise generated by leakage current and noise generated due to manufacturing defects and material impurities which can also be classified as essential noise.

Factors Affecting Essential Noise

The presence of essential noise in any electronic system depends on many factors. Temperature of the electronic components is one of the most important factors. With the increase in temperature the thermal noise increases, thus it is important to keep the temperature of the components very low. Additionally, the size and nature of the circuit components also affects the amount of essential noise observed. The type of materials and the manufacturing defects have an influence on this noise as well.

Control of Essential Noise

The essential noise of an electronic system can be controlled by several methods. One of the most common methods is by increasing the bandwidth of the signal, which reduces the amount of essential noise present. Additionally, increasing the sample rate helps to reduce this noise as well. Using proper noise-filtering circuits also helps to reduce the effect of essential noise. Another commonly used method is to reduce the temperature of the components, as mentioned earlier the higher the temperature, the higher the noise. Lastly, proper design of the circuit components is essential to reduce the essential noise of an electronic system.

Conclusion

Essential noise is an undesired interference in an electronic system which cannot be eliminated by simple filtering techniques. It is a random electrical fluctuation which normally occurs due to the characteristics of a system. There are various types of essential noise such as thermal noise, shot noise and flicker noise. The presence of this noise greatly depends on temperatures and size of components, as well as the manufacturing defects and material impurities. Control of essential noise can be done by increasing the bandwidth, sample rate and using noise-filtering circuits. Lastly, proper design of the components is essential to reduce the essential noise of an electronic system.

Noise is an external disturbance with a certain intensity that interferes with the smooth operation of a system and affects the normal operation of the system. Flicker noise is one kind of physical noise, because flicker noise has serious certain randomness, great amplitude and wide frequency band, it will cause serious interference to system operation.

The control of flicker noise can be divided into three aspects:

1. Avoiding active sources of flicker noise. Active sources of flicker noise such as inverters, switching power supplies, motors and other electronic components should be avoided as much as possible.

2. Strengthen the shielding of flicker noise source. By increasing the distance between sources of flicker noise, reducing electromagnetic radiation and increasing the strength of shielding, the interference of flicker noise to the system can be weakened.

3. An effective method for eliminating flicker noise is to use impedance matching circuits. On the input side of the system, a filter impedance matching circuit containing various inductors, capacitors and resistors is used to cut off the high frequency signals and reduce the magnitude of noise signals.

In conclusion, noise is an undesired external disturbance, and flicker noise is one kind of physical noise which can interfere with the smooth operation of a system and affect the systems normal operation. We can reduce the amount of interference of flicker noise by avoiding active sources of flicker noise, increasing the distance between sources of flicker noise, and using impedance matching circuits.