Production of Strontium by Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis
Strontium is an important component used in various industrial and medical applications. It is an element of the alkali metal group and is routinely produced by the Chlor-Alkali electrolysis process. Chlor-alkali electrolysis is a method of producing pure chlorine (e.g. for industrial use) and hydrogen gas (for fuel purposes) from an aqueous solution of NaCl and NaOH. This process utilizes an anode (positive) and a cathode (negative) made from inert materials, typically platinum or stainless steel, which is separated by a membrane that carries negatively charged chloride ions. The process begins when an electrical current is applied to the solution, causing the NaCl to break down into its component parts of Na+ ions and Cl– ions. The Na+ ions migrate to the cathode where they react with the OH- ions to form sodium hydroxide, and the Cl– ions migrate to the anode where they react with protons to form chlorine gas. During this process strontium is produced as a byproduct along with sodium hydroxide and chlorine.
The strontium produced by the Chlor-Alkali process is of high purity and is often used in medical applications such as radiation therapy and the production of radiopharmaceuticals. Strontium has also found applications in the production of paints and varnishes, and is employed as a stabilizer in certain plastics. As each process is unique, the amount and type of impurities found in strontium produced through Chlor-Alkali electrolysis will vary. Some common impurities include aluminum, magnesium and calcium.
The Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis process does however present some safety concerns. As with any type of industrial production, safety is paramount and those involved in this process need to take the necessary precautions to prevent any accidents or exposures to hazardous chemicals. The main safety concerns revolve around the handling and storage of chlorine gas, which is toxic and corrosive. Additionally, due to the high temperatures and current required for the process, insulation of all electric components and use of fireproof materials is important.
In conclusion, while the Chlor-Alkali Electrolysis process carries with it some safety considerations, when properly managed, this process can be used to produce a high purity strontium, which can then be used in a variety of industrial and medical applications.
