Convertible corporate bonds
A convertible corporate bond is a type of debt security. Issued by corporations, they function like traditional bonds in that they offer a fixed return, known as the coupon, to the bondholder in exchange for the investor taking on a level of risk. What makes convertible corporate bonds unique, however, is that the bondholder can convert the bond into a specific number of the company’s shares of common stock.
The option to convert the bond into stock gives the investor a potential upside to the investment. Generally speaking, bonds convert at a premium rate relative to the current market price of the shares into which the investor will convert. This means that when the investor converts, he or she is getting more shares than if he or she bought the same number of shares separately at the current market value.
For corporations, convertible bonds offer a way to raise capital at lower interest rates than traditional bonds. Companies that issue convertible bonds have a lower cost of capital because the investors assume the upside of conversion. Consequently, the company does not have to offer the same rate of interest to investors as it would if it did not offer conversion.
The risk associated with convertible bonds is similar to that of any other corporate bond. The investor takes on the risk that the corporation may fail to make the coupon payments due and defaults on the bond, meaning the investor stands to lose the entire investment. The investor, however, also assumes the risk that the value of the corporate stock falls and the conversion feature becomes worthless. As with traditional bonds, the investor also assumes the risk of inflation and changes in interest rates.
The upside for investors can be significant, as the conversion rate is often close to the price of the stock at the time of issuance. Experience investors also know that it can be easier to convert corporate bonds than to trade stocks and notify a broker.
Overall, convertible corporate bonds offer a unique type of investment that can offer attractive returns under certain conditions. As with any investment, an investor must weigh the risks and rewards and determine if convertible corporate bonds are right for his or her particular situation.