Introduction
Rolling bearings are used to support and guide rolling elements such as shafts, axles, and wheels. Despite their small sizes and relatively low gross loads, bearings play integral roles in highly complex and precise technological fields. Therefore, bearing development and use must adhere to high manufacturing standards to ensure their reliable operation. Bearing peeling is a major form of bearing failure caused by improper bearing design, installation, or maintenance. The purpose of this paper is to describe the causes of bearing peeling, the effects of this degradation, and preventive maintenance measures.
Causes of Bearing Peeling
Bearing peeling is caused by several factors, including but not limited to improper bearing selection, assembly, or maintenance; inadequate lubrication; excessive or improper loading; or inadequate cleaning. If the bearing is not properly selected and assembled, premature peeling can occur. Poorly designed bearings are more prone to damage due to their weakened internal structure, which can cause fatigue and damage the rolling elements, leading to peeling.
In addition, inadequate lubrication can cause bearing damage, as it is essential for the bearing to operate at its designed temperature range. When lubricated and installed correctly, the bearing will run cool, but if it is overloaded, it will suffer from excessive heat, causing accelerated wear and peeling.
Excessive or improper loading can also cause bearing peeling. Improperly designed or installed bearings can overheat due to the excessive force on the internals, leading to accelerated wear and tear.
Finally, inadequate cleaning can cause peeling, as it allows debris to enter and interfere with the bearing’s rotation. Debris can interfere with the normal movement and cause premature damage to the rolling elements, leading to peeling.
Effects of Bearing Peeling
Bearing peeling can cause a variety of problems, such as excessive vibration, excessive noise, reduced performance, and reduced lifespan.
Excessive vibration is one of the most obvious effects of bearing peeling. It is caused by increased bearing friction, which can result in higher mechanical energy losses, misalignment of rotating parts, and increased wear and tear.
Excessive noise is also a common issue caused by bearing peeling. The increased friction causes the bearing’s internals to rub against each other, creating a sound which increases with the severity of the peeling.
Performance is also reduced, as the excess friction generated by the peeling results in greater energy losses and reduced torque, speed, and accuracy.
Finally, bearing peeling significantly shortens the bearing’s expected life expectancy. As the bearing continues to wear, the rollers will move further away from their intended trajectory and the bearing becomes less effective and more prone to further damage.
Preventive Maintenance Measures
Bearing peeling can be prevented through several key steps, including proper selection, assembly, and maintenance.
Proper bearing selection is essential, as choosing the wrong type of bearing can result in premature peeling due to an inadequate design. It is important to select the appropriate bearing for the specific application, as each type is designed for different use cases. In addition, the bearing should be selected to accommodate the operating conditions, such as temperature range, load, speed, and lubrication.
Once the correct bearing is selected, proper assembly is key to preventing peeling. The bearing must be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and should not be over-tightened or forced into place. In addition, the bearing should be properly lubricated before installation to ensure optimal performance.
Finally, regular maintenance is essential to extend a bearing’s lifetime and avoid peeling. The bearing should be checked regularly for signs of wear or debris, and the lubrication should be replaced as needed. In addition, any parts that have been previously replaced should be periodically inspected and replaced as necessary.
Conclusion
Bearing peeling is a type of bearing failure caused by several factors, including improper bearing selection, assembly, maintenance, or lubrication; excessive or improper load; or inadequate cleaning. Bearing peeling can cause excessive vibration, excessive noise, reduced performance, and shortened lifespan. To prevent peeling, it is important to properly select, assemble, and maintain the bearing. Following these preventive maintenance measures will help ensure the successful operation of the bearing and reduce the risk of premature peeling.
