Application of Servo System in CNC Machine Tool
Nowadays, servo motor is widely used in the driving system of CNC machine tool. As one of the most important components, servo motors not only play an important role in the operation of CNC machine tools, but also directly affect the accuracy and output of CNC machine tools. Therefore, how to properly adjust and use servo motors, operating common problems and methods to prevent these problems become the key to ensure the smooth operation of the system.
Servo motor is an electromechanical device. It is a motor that senses the feedback information from the load and adjusts the internal parameters accordingly. Generally speaking, servo motors are categorized as open and closed loop servo systems. Open-loop systems rely on the position information being fed back to the drive to produce output torque, while closed-loop systems rely on the current level or torque, as well as position feedback, to produce output torque. For example, in a CNC machine tool, the control system is a closed-loop control system, in which the drive and motor must be accurately aligned before operation. Generally speaking, servo motor consists of a motor, a driver, a controller and other parts.
Since CNC machine tool is a machine of high accuracy, high reliability and high speed, servo system is an important part of the machine tool. The position of the servo system and the speed of the servo system should be precisely controlled to ensure the normal operation of the machine. The motion control part of a machine tool generally consists of a motion controller, a drive and a servo motor. The motion controller sends motion control instructions to the drive, and the drive controls the speed and position of the servo motor according to the control instructions.
For CNC machine tool, it is necessary to properly adjust and use the servo motor. Before using the servo motor, it is necessary to check the model and data of the motor to ensure that the parameters are proper and reasonable. Once the parameters are determined, the motor needs to be installed correctly, and the windings and bearings of the motor need to be inspected for good contact with the drive.
The servo system will generate a certain amount of eddy current during operation, and its motor temperature as well as its current must be strictly monitored and adjusted in order to ensure the stability of the servo system. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to other factors that may cause vibration, such as the balance of the motor, the selection of the protection cover, the rigidity of the machine bed, etc. These factors will affect the high-precision operation of the CNC machine tool during high-speed cutting, so they must be coordinated to ensure the normal operation of the machine tool.
In order to prevent common malfunctions and ensure the smooth operation of the servo system, it is also important to properly maintain and check the servo system on a regular basis. It is necessary to regularly clean the servo motor, check its insulation resistance and speed, and visually inspect its surface for damage. In addition, it is important to make sure that the installation environment of the servo motor meets the requirements, and the vibration and dust generated by the machine tool must be controlled.
In conclusion, the servo system is an important part of the CNC machine tool. It is necessary to properly adjust and use the servo motor, and to take regular preventive maintenance and check to ensure its normal and smooth operation.
