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Abstract
This paper presents a discussion on the micro arc oxidation technology for the surface of non-ferrous metals. The principles and advantages of the technology are studied in detail. An overview of the research status of the technology is also given, and the challenges and potential applications are analyzed.
1. Introduction
Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is an emerging surface modification technology for the oxidation of non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and magnesium alloys. The MAO process involves the brief, localized and repeated sparking of an electric arc between an active metal such as aluminum and an immersed electrode in a solution bath. This helps produce an oxide scale layer on the surface of the treated material.
The main oxidation medium used in MAO is an alkali hydroxide solution containing alkali metal ions. The electric current needs to be supplied from an external source and can vary from 0.5 to 10 A and the duration of arc from several hundred microseconds to several seconds. As the arc is brief, the electric heat and mechanical forces minimally affect the substrates performance. The deposited oxide layer can be expected to be very thin, ranging between some nanometers to some microns.
There are several advantages to the MAO process. These include its increased corrosion resistance, wear and friction resistance as well as high hardness, excellent adhesion and strong mechanical properties. In addition, MAO requires minimal energy and lower production costs compared to other metal surface modification technologies.
2. Research Status
The research on MAO technology is still in its infancy and has only recently started to receive attention from researchers and engineers. MAO technology has mainly been utilized in the areas of aluminum and magnesium alloys and its surface modification.
For example, researchers have studied the effect of MAO on the corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, electrochemical properties, and hardness of aluminum and magnesium alloys. Studies have also been conducted to understand the effect of MAO on the coating morphology, microstructure, composition, and nano-strengthening of MAO coatings.
The MAO process has also been applied to a variety of non-ferrous materials such as titanium alloys, nickel-based alloys and stainless steels. Research into these materials and their MAO coatings are still in the early stages and require further exploration.
3. Challenges and Potential Applications
The MAO technology does have some challenges that need to be addressed. Firstly, the coating thickness of MAO is limited and cannot exceed some microns which restricts its application range. Secondly, there are no established theories to predict the coating properties of MAO and further research needs to be done to understand its underlying mechanisms.
Despite these challenges, there are a number of potential applications for MAO technology. These include its use for surface engineering, energy storage and conversion devices, biomaterials, engines and transmissions, and micro electromechanical systems (MEMS). In addition, MAO technology can be applied to industrial components such as machine components, aerospace and automotive parts, tools, and medical implants and devices.
4. Conclusion
This paper has presented an overview of the micro arc oxidation technology and its potential applications. The advantages of this process have also been discussed. While the research into MAO is still in its early stages, it holds much promise as a useful surface modification technology.
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Conclusion
In conclusion, micro arc oxidation technology is a surface modification technique which has recently started to receive attention from researchers and engineers. This process is advantageous due to its corrosion resistance, wear and friction resistance, high hardness, excellent adhesion, and strong mechanical properties. MAO technology can be used for industrial components such as machine components, aerospace and automotive parts, tools, and medical implants and devices. MAO research is still in its early stages and there are some challenges that need to be addressed. However, the potential of this technology is promising and further research will help to better understand its principles and potential applications.
