Plastics are everywhere. From the products we use daily to our packaging, plastic has become a key element of modern life. Although plastic has disadvantages, it has become an integral part of our everyday lives. Understanding the differences between different types of plastic can help you make more informed decisions regarding what materials you should use and when.
The most common classifications of plastics are thermoset and thermoplastic. Thermosetting plastics have chemical polymers that become fixed once they’ve been processed. They cannot be reformed or remolded and these polymers also don’t become soft when heated. Thermoplastics are polymers that can be reshaped and reformed when exposed to heat. Once cooled, they will retain their new shape.
Thermoset plastics are used for a variety of products including pipes, cookware, insulated products and electrical insulators. Polyester resins, polyurethane, epoxies, and phenolic resins are some of the materials most often used. Polyester resins are rigid and durable and are used for auto body repair and boat construction. Polyurethane resins are soft and flexible and are used for insulation and furniture pads. Epoxies are strong, chemical-resistant and water-resistant and are used for coating, adhesives and sealants. And phenolic resins are strong, heat-resistant, fire-resistant and chemical resistant and are used for brake and clutch linings.
Thermoplastic materials can be melted and reused and are used for a variety of products. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a common thermoplastic and is used in packaging, building materials, electrical insulation and bicycle frames. Polypropylene is another thermoplastic and is used for auto parts, furniture and outdoor equipment. Polyethylene is a low-cost and lightweight thermoplastic that is used for packaging and containers. Polystyrene is used for insulation, and polycarbonate is used for windshields, lenses and sunglasses.
There are also bioplastics, which are made from renewable materials such as corn or potato starch. These are often compostable and recyclable and have a lower environmental impact than traditional plastics. They are used for flexible packaging and insulation, and for items such as cutlery and trays.
When deciding which type of plastic to use, it’s important to consider the characteristics of each material. Consider the purpose of the product, the cost, the environmental impact and the durability of the material. Doing this can help you make a more informed decision about which type of plastic to use.
