High-Temperature Mechanical Properties of Martensitic 2Cr13 Stainless Steel
1. Introduction
Martensitic stainless steels are a particular class of stainless steels that have higher strength, hardness, and wear resistance than austenitic and ferritic stainless steels. The 2Cr13 stainless steel is a Martensitic stainless steel specifically designed for applications requiring good wear resistance, dull appearance, good resistance to propagation of fatigue crack and good toughness in a wide range of temperatures. This stainless steel is made from a combination of chromium (Cr) and nicky (Ni) to increase its resistance to corrosion, oxidation, and thermal shock. It is a stainless steel with good mechanical strength and hardness at temperatures up to 700°C (1300°F). In this article, the high-temperature mechanical properties of 2Cr13 stainless steel are discussed.
2. High-Temperature Mechanical Properties
At temperatures higher than its room temperature strength, the 2Cr13 stainless steel display an increasing strength and hardness. 2Cr13 stainless steel contains a high level of chromium and low levels of nickel so its strength and hardness increase as the temperature increases. The high chromium content, along with the very low levels of carbon, ensures that the 2Cr13 stainless steel retains its austenitic structure and excellent corrosion resistance even at high temperatures. Below the melting point, the 2Cr13 stainless steel can achieve a tensile strength of over 600 MPa and a hardness of over 40 HRC. At higher temperatures, its strength and hardness increase approximately linearly up to about 1000°C (1832°F). The tensile strength is highest at around 750°C (1382°F) with a value as high as 700 MPa, which is about 25% higher than the room temperature strength. The hardness also increases with temperature, up to around 55 HRC at 1000°C (1832°F). The tempering temperatures, which are typically around 300°C (572°F), and the self-tempering effects can alter the high-temperature strength and hardness of the 2Cr13 stainless steel.
The 2Cr13 stainless steel has good ductility and toughness at high temperatures. It exhibits a very low strain rate and high elongation at temperatures up to 700°C (1292°F). The Charpy impact tests for the 2Cr13 stainless steel show that it has excellent toughness up to temperatures of 300-400°C (572-752°F). At temperatures up to 600°C (1112°F) its toughness is still good but decreases as the temperature increases. The impact energy decreases by 20-30% at 600°C (1112°F) and further decreases at higher temperatures. The 2Cr13 stainless steel has good oxidation resistance and can be used at temperatures up to 850°C (1562°F).
3. Conclusion
2Cr13 stainless steel is a Martensitic stainless steel with excellent high-temperature characteristics including strength and hardness at temperatures in excess of 700°C (1300°F), good ductility and toughness, and good oxidation resistance up to 850°C (1562°F). The high chromium content, along with the very low levels of carbon, ensures that the 2Cr13 stainless steel retains its austenitic structure and excellent corrosion resistance even at high temperatures. The tempering temperatures and the self-tempering effects can alter the high-temperature strength and hardness of the 2Cr13 stainless steel. The Charpy impact tests show that it has excellent toughness up to temperatures of 300-400°C (572-752°F).
In conclusion, the 2Cr13 stainless steel has excellent high-temperature mechanical properties that make it ideal for a wide range of applications such as aerospace, automotive, and medical components.
