Introduction
Roller bearings are a type of bearing that utilizes rollers to maintain the separation between the moving parts of the bearing. The rollers are typically made of steel and are designed to rotate freely in the bearing. As such, roller bearings are most commonly used in applications where rotational motion is required.
Types of Roller Bearings
Roller bearings can generally be divided into two categories: thrust bearings and radial bearings.
Thrust Bearings: Thrust bearings, also known as double rollers, are used mainly to support thrust loads. Unlike radial bearings, the rollers in thrust bearings are in contact with the thrust plate, which provides minute angularity to the rollers. As a result, thrust bearings are able to absorb axial thrust loads and are most commonly used in applications such as car axles and lathes.
Radial Bearings: Radial bearings, also known as single rollers, are used mainly to support radial loads. The rollers in a radial bearing are arranged in a cylindrical or spherical pattern, allowing for smooth and uniform motion. As a result, radial bearings are typically used in applications such as radial arm saws and conveyor systems.
Roller Bearing Designs
Roller bearings are designed in various shapes and sizes to best fit the application. Some of the most commonly used roller bearing designs include cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, spherical roller bearings and needle roller bearings.
Cylindrical Roller Bearings: Cylindrical roller bearings are designed with straight sections and are characterized by their ability to perform in both radial and axial loading situations. The large surface area of the rolling elements allows for larger load capacities than ball bearings, making them ideal for high-load applications.
Tapered Roller Bearings: Tapered roller bearings are designed with tapered sections and are mainly used in applications needing to support both radial and axial loads. The unique design of the rollers reduces friction between the rollers and the bearing races, allowing for smooth and quiet operation.
Spherical Roller Bearings: Spherical roller bearings are designed with curved sections and feature an o-ring or groove in the newly formed cross section. This design allows them to support both radial and axial loads while simultaneously providing good radial and axial misalignment capabilities.
Needle Roller Bearings: Needle roller bearings are designed with thin, cylindrical rollers with a large length to diameter ratio. These bearings feature high radial load capacity relative to their size and are typically used in smaller bearing applications, such as in automotive transmissions.
Conclusion
Roller bearings are mechanical devices that rely on rolling elements to maintain their separation between their raceways. These bearings come in various designs and can be divided into two main categories: thrust bearings and radial bearings. Applications such as car axles, radial arm saws, and conveyor systems often rely on the advantageous properties of roller bearings. With various shapes and sizes of roller bearings available, it is important to select the type and size that best fits the application.
对于滚子轴承，它们是用滚子来保持轴承内部的动态部件之间的分离的一种轴承。滚筒通常由钢制成，旨在在轴承中自由旋转。因此，滚子轴承通常用于需要旋转运动的应用中。
滚子轴承可以大致分为两类：推力轴承和径向轴承。
推力轴承：推力轴承，又称双滚子轴承，主要用于支撑推力载荷。与径向轴承不同，推力轴承中的滚子与推力板接触，为滚子提供微弱的角度，因此推力轴承能够吸收轴向推力载荷，通常用于汽车轴突和车床等应用中。
径向轴承：径向轴承，又称单滚子轴承，主要用于支撑径向载荷。径向轴承中的滚子排列成圆柱形或球形状，使之能够进行平滑和均匀的运动，因此径向轴承通常用于径向锯床和输送系统等应用中。
滚子轴承的设计
滚子轴承的设计形式各异，大小也不同，以适应应用环境。一些最常用的滚子轴承设计包括圆柱形滚子轴承、锥形滚子轴承、球形滚子轴承和针形滚子轴承。
圆柱形滚子轴承：圆柱形滚子轴承具有直线段设计，其特点在于其能够在径向和轴向载荷条件下均可发挥作用。滚筒表面大，具有比滚珠轴承更大的载荷能力，使其成为高载荷应用的理想选择。
锥形滚子轴承：锥形滚子轴承具有锥形段设计，主要用于能够同时支撑径向和轴向载荷的应用中。滚筒独特的设计减少了滚筒和轴承座之间的摩擦，使其能够运行平稳、安静。
球形滚子轴承：球形滚子轴承具有弧形段设计，新形成的横截面上具有O型圈或槽沟。球形滚子轴承能够同时支撑径向和轴向载荷，同时具有良好的径向和轴向跃向能力。
针形滚子轴承：针形滚子轴承设计为细长的圆柱形滚子，
