The cathode is one of the most important parts of electricity flow and is the terminal to which electrons move or flow. In nearly all cases, the cathode is negatively charged. This is because of the fact that, during the flow of electricity, electrons are pushed away from the negatively charged cathode and pulled towards the positively charged anode.
The cathode is a key conductor in the generation of electricity. In most types of batteries and other electrochemical cells, the cathode acts as the terminal onto which the electrons are pushed away from the negatively charged external environment. This process is known as ionic current flow.
The cathodes function changes somewhat when considering galvanic cells. In these cases, the cathode acts as a catalytic surface and serves to reduce some of the oxidation state of certain ions.
In a comprehensive analysis of the electricity flow in a cell, the cathode plays a role both in the generation of electricity as well as its eventual movement. For example, the potential difference established between the electrodes affects the flow of electrons between them and this in turn influences the generation of electricity.
The physical components of a cathode can vary depending on its application. In some cases, such as in battery cells, the cathode is constructed from a thin layer of conducting material such as copper or carbon graphene. In other cases, such as in electrolysis, the cathode is typically made of an inert substance such as a graphite or platinum as these materials do not react to the reactions taking place during sample processing.
Metal electrodes are typically plated with a durable coating to prevent them from corroding or wearing away due to high electrical currents. This also prevents any contact between the metal and the chemical sample being processed. These layers of protective coating also help to increase the surface area of the cathode and provide a greater area for electron flow.
Ultimately, the cathode is a critical component in the flow of electricity and the generation of electricity. Without it, energy could not be transmitted or stored and many modern devices would cease to function properly. The cathode is a crucial conductor in the chemical and electrical processes that allow us to use electricity in our everyday lives.
