Materials of the World: Vickers Hardness Values
Vickers hardness is the measure of a materials strength and resistance to penetration. It is a measure of the metals resistance to wear and abrasive wear, as well as its ability to retain its shape under an applied force. In addition, Vickers hardness is a measure of the materials strength under various temperatures and pressures.
The Vickers hardness test is commonly used to measure the hardness of a variety of materials, including metals, alloys, ceramic, and glass. A small diamond is pressed into the surface of the material, and then a force is applied. The resulting indentations are then measured to determine their depth. This depth is then converted into a Vickers number, which is used to compare the hardness of different materials.
Some of the most commonly used metals in industry have been given Vickers hardness values. Here is a quick look at the Vickers hardness values of some of the most widely used metals:
Steel: Vickers hardness values can range from 135-400. Steel is composed primarily of iron and carbon and is available in a range of hardness levels. Heat treatment can increase the hardness of steel, making it ideal for a variety of engineering applications.
Cast Iron: Vickers hardness values typically range from 75-250. Cast iron is known for its high compressive strength and its resistance to corrosion. It is commonly used in plumbing, machinery, and other engineering applications.
Aluminum: Vickers hardness values range from 40-90. Here, we have a relatively soft metal that is light-weight and has excellent corrosion resistance. Aluminum is commonly used to produce aircraft and automotive parts as well as sporting goods and cookware.
Copper: Vickers hardness values range from 45-130. Copper can vary greatly in strength and hardness depending on composition. It is still commonly used in electrical wiring and electronics, as well as for marine applications, cooking utensils, and in art and jewelry.
Brass: Vickers hardness values range from 95-150. Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc and is known for its good resistance to wear and corrosion. It is used to manufacture a variety of metal items such as keys, locks, valves and sculptures.
Nickel: Vickers hardness values range from 100-200. Nickel is the strongest metal in the Vickers scale and is known for its excellent heat resistance. Nickel is used to produce coins, jewelry and other items that require corrosion and wear resistance.
Titanium: Vickers hardness values range from 130-350. Titanium is an especially hard and strong metal, making it ideal for use in aerospace, military equipment, and medical implants. It is four times as strong as steel and twice as light in weight.
These are just a few of the most common metals and alloys with Vickers hardness values. Each metal has a unique combination of properties that make it useful for different applications. For more information on the Vickers hardness test and the hardness of various metals and alloys, consult a professional for advice.
