Low Temperature Pump Principle and Classification
Low temperature pumps are pumps which are designed to pump liquids at temperatures below the freezing point, typically -52 degrees celsius. The design of these pumps, made from stainless steel or other non-corrosive materials, is specifically tailored to the temperature requirement and type of cryogenic liquid they are pumping.
Low temperature pumps are used in a variety of industries, including automotive, chemical, food processing and electronics manufacturing. In the automotive industry, they are used to pump engine coolant, oil and other fluids to the cooling system. In the chemical industry, they are used to transfer corrosive and hazardous liquids, such as fuels and solvents, and in the food processing industry, they are used to transport food-related liquids such as juices, beer and dairy products.
Low temperature pumps come in a range of shapes, sizes and configurations to suit different applications. Their pumps can be vertical or horizontal, direct or indirect, self-priming or pumps with suction lifts, and are designed to pump liquids of different viscosities and flow rates.
The principles of low temperature pumps can be divided into two main categories: mechanical and thermal. Mechanical low temperature pumps are powered by an external motor and contain moving parts such as impellers, vanes and rotors. They work by using centrifugal force to move liquid through a pipe. Thermally driven low temperature pumps, or cryogenic pumps, are powered by heated liquids such as steam or hot water vapor. They operate by transferring energy from the steam or hot vapor to cause a liquid to vaporize and be pressurized, which then produces a jet of liquid which is then used to push the liquid throughout the system.
Low temperature pumps are classified into three different types, based on the type and temperature of the liquid they are designed to pump. These are:
* Refrigerant pumps- Used to pump refrigerants such as ammonia, Freon, propane and carbon dioxide. These pumps typically have a range of -11 to -50 degrees Celsius.
* Cryogenic pumps- Used to pump liquids such as liquid nitrogen and other cryogenic liquids. These pumps typically have a range of -195 to -269 degrees Celsius.
* Deep freezing pumps- Used to pump liquids such as liquid ethane, propane and other deep freezing liquids. These pumps typically have a range of -130 to -189 degrees Celsius.
In conclusion, low temperature pumps are used to transport liquids at temperatures below the freezing point. They come in a variety of shapes, sizes and configurations and are powered either by a motor or heated steam. They are classified into three main types based on the liquid they are designed to pump, and their principles can be divided into two main categories: mechanical and thermal.
