Forging and Turning on Lathe: The Performance Parameters
Introduction
Forging and turning on a lathe is a complex process that requires skilled machinists’ expertise. The shaft and wheel turning dictates the shape of the final product which can be a variety of shapes depending on the application. The material to be used will also have an effect on the overall performance of the product. The rate of production, accuracy, stability and surface finish will dictate the performance of the product. The parameters of performance will be highlighted below.
Material
The material is an important factor for the shaping process. The material should be able to withstand the stresses that the machine will be exerting onto the metal and should not deform together under the pressure being applied. Carbon steel and stainless steel are popular metals that can be used for the forging and turning process.
Speed
The speed of the shaft and wheel turning is an important factor that affects the final product. A high speed allows precision and accuracy of the machining process, whilst a low speed allows for more control over the shaping and removing of the material. Both factors should be taken into consideration when setting the speed of the forging and turning process.
Fixture
The fixture used during forging and turning process is important in maintaining the accuracy of the product. The fixture should be able to provide secure clamping and have the ability to support large and heavy workpiece. Furthermore, the fixture should have no visible movement while the turning is taking place. The accuracy of the product would be in direct correlation to the immobility of the fixture.
Alignment
The alignment of the shaft and the wheel should be checked before the start of the machining process. The alignment should be able to minimise vibration and any weaknesses should be corrected before the machining process.
Force
The amount of force applied by the machine onto the metal should be correct for the material being machined. If the excess force is being used, there is a chance that the metal will deform and affect the accuracy of the product.
Surface Finish
The final product should have a smooth surface finish with the minimum amount of machining marks. The finishing process should be able to remove any superficial marks on the metal causing a uniform surface result. Moreover, there should be minimal heat affected zone (HAZ) on the surface of the final product.
Conclusion
Forging and turning on a lathe is an intricate process that requires a skilled machinist to control the machine and its performance parameters. The material selected, speed, force, fixture and alignment should all be taken into consideration when controlling the forging and turning process. Moreover, the surface finish should be of the best quality to ensure the accuracy and stability of the product.
