Introduction
In order to ensure the normal operation of pumps, it is necessary to pay attention to the failure prevention and treatment of pumps. The failures of pumps caused by various reasons will lead to production loss and serious damage to equipment and personnel, so it is very important to know the common failures and corresponding preventive measures of pumps and their troubleshooting methods. This paper mainly describes the common failures and corresponding preventive measures of centrifugal pumps and their troubleshooting methods.
The common faults of centrifugal pumps and their control measures
1. Vibration and noise of centrifugal pumps
Vibration and noise of centrifugal pumps are usually caused by misalignment of the main shaft and bearings, unstable rotation speed, loose suction and discharge check valves. In order to prevent vibration and noise, the first thing is to check the foundation of the pump base, ensuring that the foundation is rock solid and the rotor is balance-stable. The second thing is to choose the reliable bearing structure, and pay attention to the correct installation of the bearing during the installation of the pump. The third point is to ensure the accuracy of the alignment between the pump shaft and the motor. The last point is to adjust the rotating speed of the pump to make it stable.
2. Damage of the impeller of centrifugal pumps
The damage of the impeller of centrifugal pumps is usually caused by the insufficient flow rate, too high differential pressure, sand entering and so on. The damage of impeller will cause the changes of flow rate, differential pressure and so on. Therefore, in order to prevent it, the flow rate demand of the system should be strictly controlled, preventing excessive flow rate and too low flow rate, and the sand-containing water should be filtered before entering the system.
3. Clogging of centrifugal pumps
The clogging of centrifugal pumps is usually caused by solid particles in the water, such as sand and debris. In order to prevent this phenomenon, the inlet pipe should be equipped with a reliable sediment filter to prevent these particles from entering the pump.
Troubleshooting of centrifugal pump failure
1. Vibration and noise
If the centrifugal pump has abnormal vibration and noise, the first thing to do is to check whether the position of the main bearing is reasonable, and whether the machining accuracy of the bearing seat is enough. If it is not in place or the machining accuracy is not enough, it should be adjusted or remachined. The second is to check whether the speed of the centrifugal pump is stable. If the speed is not stable, the reason should be checked and adjusted to make the speed stable. The last is to check the installation accuracy of the pump and motor, ensuring that the axis of the motor and the axis of pump is in the same line.
2. Damage of pump impeller
When the impeller is damaged, the first step is to stop the pump and remove the impeller. The second step is to check the running condition of the pump, and then adjust the running condition according to the test results. The last step is to replace the damaged parts of the centrifugal pump, such as impeller, volute and seal ring, and then reinstall and adjust the running condition of the pump.
3. Clogging of Centrifugal Pump
If the centrifugal pump is blocked, the preventive measures should be taken first. The first measure is to install a sediment filter at the inlet of the centrifugal pump and regularly maintain and clean it to prevent the solid particles from entering the pump. The second measure is to pay attention to the cleanliness of the circulating water, dredging the sand and debris in the system regularly, and increasing the inlet flow rate.
Conclusion
Centrifugal pumps are one of the most widely used mechanical components in engineering systems. In order to ensure their normal operation, it is necessary to pay attention to the fault prevention and solution of centrifugal pumps in the use process. The article mainly introduces the common failures and corresponding control measures of centrifugal pumps and their troubleshooting methods, which can provide references for the use and maintenance of centrifugal pumps.
