Introduction
Electric current is an important tool that is used in science and engineering to measure many things. One of the most common uses for electric current is in the processes of electrolysis, in which a chemical reaction can occur when electrical current passes through a liquid or a solid. In electrochemistry and analytical chemistry, this technique is used to determine the concentrations of certain chemicals in a sample, as well as to determine the electrical and ionic charges of the chemical species present in a sample.
Another process where electric current is commonly used is in the electroplating of metals. This process involves the application of a thin layer of metal to a solid substrate material, such as steel or aluminum, by passing an electric current through the substrate material and the solution containing the metal salt. The metal is then deposited onto the substrate material, increasing the strength, durability and conductivity of the substrate material.
In this article, we will be exploring one of the more complex uses for electric current in the field of chemistry: the soluble anode ion electrode (SED) technique. The SED technique is a laboratory procedure that is used to measure the concentration of certain ionic species present in a sample. This technique can be used to measure the concentrations of cations, anions and metal complexes in a sample.
Background
The SED technique, also known as the soluble anode ion electrode technique, is a laboratory procedure that involves passing an electric current through an ionic solution, such as a salt solution, and measuring the concentrations of the cations, anions and metal complexes that are present in the sample. This method can be used to determine the total ionic concentration, as well as the specific species of the cations and anions present in the sample.
The SED technique works by passing an electric current through a solution containing the sample of interest, and then measuring the concentrations of the ionic species present. This process occurs in two stages. In the first stage, the electrical current is passed through the sample and an electrode that is connected to the sample with a wire. The electric current then passes through the sample, bringing the cations, anions and metal complexes that are present in the sample into contact with the electrode.
The current reaction then causes the cations, anions and metal complexes to become attached to the electrode, forming a thin film of metal, a thin film of anions, and a thin film of cations. The concentration of the cations, anions and metal complexes is then measured by passing an electric current through the electrode and measuring the voltage of the current. By measuring the voltage of the current, the concentrations of the cations, anions and metal complexes present in the sample can be determined.
The SED technique is often used to measure the concentrations of cations, anions and metal complexes in water samples, such as surface water, groundwater, and industrial wastewater. It can also be used to measure the concentrations of different metals in a variety of samples, such as soil, food products, and biological samples.
Methodology
The SED technique involves the use of a device known as a soluble anode ion electrode. This device consists of a thin metal plate, a set of wires, and a container with a salt solution. The metal plate serves as the anode, and the set of wires serves as the connection to the electrode.
In order to use the SED technique, a sample of the solution containing the ionic species of interest is placed into the container. The sample is then connected to the electrodes by attaching a wire to the metal plate, and then attaching the other end of the wire to the sample.
The electric current is then passed through the sample, and the concentrations of the cations, anions and metal complexes present in the sample are measured. The concentrations of the cations, anions and metal complexes can then be determined by measuring the voltages of the electric current that passes through the sample.
Conclusion
The SED technique is a commonly used laboratory procedure that is used to measure the concentrations of certain ionic species present in a sample, including cations, anions, and metal complexes. This technique involves passing an electric current through a sample and then measuring the voltage of the current, which allows the concentrations of the cations, anions, and metal complexes present in the sample to be determined. The SED technique can be used to measure the concentrations of cations, anions, and metal complexes in water samples, such as surface water, groundwater, and industrial wastewater, as well as in a variety of other samples, including soil, food products, and biological samples.
