Hardware
Hardware is physical equipment that makes up a computer system and is composed of many components. This includes the display, motherboard, memory, hard drive, and keyboard. Typically, hardware is a two-way system that allows input and output. With hardware, a user can type a letter on their keyboard and the computer interprets it and displays it on the monitor.
Software
Software is the set of instructions, programs, scripts, and codes on the computer. They are divided into two categories, namely, system software and application software. System software includes operating systems and management tools such as those used to run a computer or update the hardware. Application software includes programs for entertainment, productivity, education, or any other purpose.
Firmware
Firmware is a type of software that resides on hardware components, such as an embedded microcontroller, BIOS, or ROM. It is a combination of both software and hardware which can be updated or changed as needed. Firmware is generally pre-programmed on the device and requires specialized software to update.
Networking
Networking is a type of technology that connects computing devices such as computers, laptops and other devices. Networking makes it possible to share resources and allow communication between connected devices. Networks can be either wide area networks (WANs), which span large geographical areas, or local area networks (LANs), which span a smaller area, such as a household or office.
Hardware/Software Interface
The hardware/software interface is the link between hardware and software. Hardware acts as the physical foundation of a computer system and is made up of many different components. Software is the set of instructions on the computer that runs the hardware. The interface is what connects the two, allowing input from the hardware to be interpreted by the software and output from the software to be displayed on the hardware, such as the monitor.
Data Storage
Data storage refers to any device or medium used for storing digital information. This includes flash drives, hard drives, external storage devices, or even cloud storage solutions. Data storage can be either temporary or permanent. Temporary storage holds data for a short period of time, while permanent storage holds data for a longer period of time.
Peripherals
Peripherals are additional components used with a computer system, such as a keyboard and mouse, joystick, scanner, and printer. They provide additional input and output options and are usually attached to the main computer system by cables or by wireless connection.
Home Automation
Home automation is the use of technology to automate various tasks in the home, such as controlling lights and security systems, operating appliances, and monitoring energy use. Home automation systems usually consist of hardware components, such as sensors and controllers, which are connected to a software application that allows the user to control the system.
Web Browsers
Web browsers are software applications that allow users to browse and view information on the internet. Popular web browsers include Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, and Mozilla Firefox. The browser provides a user interface for the user to type in URLs and explore different websites. Browsers also allow users to save bookmarks and activities.