This paper describes the process for production of nano particles for use in pharmaceuticals, specifically for the production of nanosuspensions. Nanosuspensions are suspension formulation of nanoparticles, which are particles that have been engineered to be smaller than one hundred nanometers (100nm). Nanosuspensions are used for the delivery of drugs to targeted sites in the body, providing a more efficient and targeted method of delivery than traditional formulations.
Nanosuspensions can be prepared using a variety of physical and chemical methods, but the process commonly used by the pharmaceutical industry is the homogenization method. This involves the use of high-pressure homogenizers to break down large particles into smaller ones. The process can be carried out in either a wet or dry form.
The homogenization process typically involves the use of a high-pressure homogenizer that splits particles into smaller sizes. In the wet homogenization process, a slurry is created by mixing two or more different types of particles in water. The particles are then subjected to high levels of force through the homogenizer, which causes them to combine and form a stable suspension. The wet homogenization process is generally more efficient than the dry homogenization process, but involves more manipulation and waste of raw materials.
In the dry homogenization process, the particles are subjected to a series of mechanical forces that cause them to break down into smaller sizes. The particles are placed in a chamber, and subjected to a sequence of shocks and pressures. This process has been found to produce particles that are very uniform in size and shape.
Once the particles have been homogenized or subjected to dry homogenization, they are then subjected to further processing, such as the introduction of excipients or other materials to increase the stability and shelf-life of the nanosuspension. These materials can include polymers, such as poloxamer, or other surfactants, such as chitosan or sodium alginate. Additionally, the particles may also need to be coated or encapsulated using materials such as polylactic acid, or in the case of oral formulations, Polyethylene Glycol. In addition, the particles may be subject to other surface treatments such as freeze drying or spray drying.
The final step of the process is testing. This includes in vitro and in vivo testing to ensure that the nanosuspension is suitable for use in humans and animals. Once the nanosuspension has been tested and approved, it is ready for use in drug delivery applications.
Nanosuspensions are becoming increasingly popular in the pharmaceutical industry due to their improved efficacy, stability and ease of use. This paper has summarized the process for production of nanosuspensions, from homogenization to final testing and product approval. Further research is necessary to optimize the production process and ensure that nanosuspensions are safe and effective for drug delivery.
