Analysis of Methods and Characteristics of Processing of Non-standard Cross-section Parts
1. Introduction
Welding fabrication is an important method of modern engineering application technology. It is widely used in the manufacturing of parts, components and structural parts with non-standard cross-section. It is necessary to investigate the specific processing technology and characteristics of non-standard cross-section parts.
2. Processing technology
2.1 Cutting
Cutting is an essential part of non-standard parts processing. The common cutting methods of non-standard parts are flame cutting, electric spark erosion, saw cutting, etc., but the most widely used method is plasma cutting. Plasma cutting process is mainly based on the physical mechanism of plasma arc. The electric arc with high temperature generated by the metal plasma arc cutting torch ionizes part of the air around the arc and generates metal plasma. Some of the energy of plasma reaches the workpiece and the temperature of workpiece reaches the melting point or boiling point to vaporize part of the metal. The vaporization of metal forms slit at the edge of cutting process. Light metal plasma arc cutting has high cutting speed, good cutting quality, low thermal effect and no dust pollution, but the initial operation cost is higher, so it is mostly applicable to parts whose dimensions are not very large.
2.2 Bending
Bending is an important method for processing non-standard cross-sections. Flatly placed bottom and top plates are usually used for bending, and then a press bending machine and a set of tools are purchased and installed on the bending machine. The various tools equipped can produce different section patterns, including sharp and sharp angle, complex curve, and hollow molding and other parts. During bending process, the deep drawing function of parts can also be realized, including cup-shaped parts, skillet-shaped parts and other parts. However, the pressing force of press should not be too large, and the feed speed should be appropriate in order to prevent the break of parts.
2.3 Punching
Punching is mainly used for parts with small section area, and especially for some complex parts with irregular shape and structure. Punching is convenient for processing and comprehensive for technology, which can realize certain structural conversion of parts. Its working principle is to press and rotate the punch on the workpiece to produce the desired shape and size parts. Punching can be divided into manual and pneumatic, but the latter is mostly used in modern engineering manufacturing industry. However, punching requires high technical skills, requires skilled workers, and punching speed is slow, to some extent limiting its application range.
3. Characteristics
3.1 Versatility
Non-standard parts processing generally adopts comprehensive processing technology, which has the characteristics of general, wide range and high efficiency. Cutting, bending and punching technologies can be combined flexibly. They are applied to the processing of a variety of materials, and the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of parts are greatly improved after processing.
3.2 Precision
The traditional processing technology of parts with non-standard cross-section is manual operation, whose dimensional accuracy and surface roughness are poor. Through the application of modern advanced processing technology, the machining accuracy and surface quality of parts can be improved, and the requirements for complex parts can be satisfied.
3.3 Cost-effectiveness
The machining cost of non-standard cross-section parts is relatively high, but the mold cost is very low and the production cycle is short. The in-situ machining can significantly reduce the labor intensity and improve the production efficiency, which proves cost-effectiveness of non-standard parts processing technology.
4. Conclusion
Non-standard cross-section parts processing technology has always been a challenging and prominent problem in modern engineering manufacturing industry due to its complex process and complex structure. Through the understanding of the processing technology and characteristics of non-standard parts presented in this paper, it is expected to provide a certain reference for the further research and application of non-standard parts processing technology.
