The forging of parts from alloy steels allows for broader choice of shapes, better mechanical properties and increased fatigue resistance, which makes them a popular choice for products which require strength, improved weldability and additional wear resistance. Alloy steels are harder and stronger than standard carbon steels, yet remain ductile, allowing parts to he formed and machined, while retaining their strength and toughness. The most commonly used alloy steels for forging are the low carbon, low alloy steels, including several grades of the 41XX series of steels.
The most popular alloy steel used in forging is the AISI 41XX series, which contains various amounts of chromium, nickel, and molybdenum. This series of metals is referred to as chromoly, are widely used in automotive and motorsport applications due to their high levels of strength and toughness. There are several types of AISI 41XX steels, which each have different levels chromium, nickel and molybdenum for specific appropriate applications. AISI 4130, for example, contains 0.30% chromium, 0.80% molybdenum, 0.20% manganese, and 0.50% nickel.
In the United States, many manufacturers use AISI 41XX steels for forging because it is easy to temper, and the parts can often be machined after forging. Also, AISI 41XX steel is resistant to corrosion and wear, allowing for extended product life even when subjected to high pressure or high temperature conditions. Forging with these materials also provides increased ductility, toughness, and strength.
When parts with AISI 41XX series alloy steels are forged, there are several factors that must be considered. First, the temperature of the metal must be monitored during the forging process, as too much heat may cause the metal to become brittle. Secondly, the types of tools used to forge the metal must be chosen carefully, as certain tools may create too much stress on the metal and cause it to fail during forging. Finally, the quality of the finished part will depend partially on the selection of the proper alloy steel and the heat treatment applied to the part. It is important to use the proper heat treatment to ensure that the part meets the desired specifications and performance requirements.
When assessing a part for a high pressure and/or temperature application, the additional requirements for strength, toughness, and wear resistance are also something to consider. AISI 41XX alloy steel is an excellent choice for such applications; because of its high tensile strength. Additionally, the alloy steel has excellent toughness, which helps the part to withstand impact and thermal shock as well as offering improved wear resistance. It also offers improved weldability, making parts easier to join during assembly.
When participants in forging of parts from alloy steels are equipped with the necessary knowledge and experience, they can make the best possible decisions for their needs and applications. By selecting the AISI 41XX series of alloy steels for forging, users can take advantage of higher strength, better weldability, and improved wear resistance. Additionally, proper care must be taken when forging alloy steels to prevent over heating and use of improper tools, so that the desired properties of the part can be achieved. With many advantages, low alloy steels are an excellent choice for high pressure and temperature applications.
