ASTM A565-1997 Standard Specification for Martensitic Stainless Steel Bars for High-Temperature Service
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers martensitic stainless steel bars for high-temperature service. These bars are available in the following grades: AISI Type 410 and Type 420.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 This specification incorporates by reference the documents or parts of documents listed below, except that the purchaser may specify his acceptance requirements which modify the referenced documents:
2.1.1 ASTM Standards:A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definition of terms used in this specification, refer to TerminologyA275 and A751.
4. Selection of Bar Size and Type
4.1 The size and type of bar recommended for a particular application should be selected on the basis of mechanical tests.
5. Chemical Ratio Analysis
5.1 Each lot of bars covered by this specification is subject to chemical analysis, and the results shall meet the requirements specified in Table 1. For product analysis the steel shall be tested in accordance with established chemical analysis procedures.
5.2 If it is specified by the purchaser that test bars, to be machined from production bars, must conform to the chemical requirements of this specification, the test bars taken from the production bars must meet these requirements.
5.3 For the purpose of determining compliance with the required chemical ratios, the analysis of any regular lot of bars shall be made Table 1—Chemical Requirements as Follows:
Element 410 420
Carbon 0.08–0.15 0.15–0.20
Manganese 1.00 max 1.00 max
Silicon 0.75 max 0.75 max
Phosphorus 0.040 max 0.040 max
Sulfur 0.03 max 0.03 max
Chromium 11.5–13.5 12.5–14.5
Nickel 0.50 max 0.50 max
Molybdenum 0.60–0.75 0.75–1.00
6. Physical Properties
6.1 The specification for physical properties of bars covered by this specification shall meet the requirements specified in Table 2.
7. Tempering
7.1 Lots must be tempered after forging or fabrication to give the best balance between physical and mechanical properties.
7.2 Not over 20 % of the lot shall fail to achieve the required mechanical properties after tempering.
Table 2—Physical Requirements Property
410
420
Tensile strength, min, psi (MPa) 80,000 (550) 80,000 (550)
Yield strength, min, psi (MPa) 40,000 (275) 40,000 (275)
Elongation 8 % min 8 % min
Hardness Rockwell Hardness
— B95 max B95 max
Brinell Hardness
— 243 min 206 min
8. Limit Deviation from Dimension
8.1 Bars of the sizes specified shall not vary from the dimension or weight specified by more than the amount shown in Table 3.
Table 3—Limit Deviations from Dimension or Weight
Size
Deviation from Dimension
Deviation from Weight per Foot
1⁄ 8 in. (3.2mm) and under
—
±0.05 %
Over 1⁄ 8 in. (3.2mm) to
±0.10 %
±2 %
3⁄ 8 in. (9.5mm)
Over 3⁄ 8 in. (9.5mm) to
±0.15 %
±1 %
1 in. (25.4mm)
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
9.1 The as-furnished surface finish and workmanship shall be as follows:
9.1.1 Unmachined bars—The surface condition shall conform to that of one heat-treated bar. The surface must not exhibit any adverse effects from heating, furnace scale, dirt, rust, or other conditions that would prevent the bar from being satisfactorily machined.
9.1.2 Machined bars—The surface condition shall conform to that normally produced by machining. Seams, nicks, and tool marks are acceptable if they are such that their removal would not alter the specified dimensions or impair the functional requirements.
10. Number of Tests
10.1 For each heat, two melt analysis tests and results determined in four machined specimens taken along the length of each bar shall be tested in accordance with the requirements of this specification.
10.2 For each melt or lot of each size and type of bar sufficient specimens should be taken along the length of the bar from each heat as determined by the manufacturing processes. All specimens should be tested.
10.3 For test bars, the number of tests shall be four for each size and type of bar, the tests being made on specimens taken from one test bar designed to represent the heat.
11. Retests and Repair Heat-Treat
11.1 When the results of the tests in accordance with this specification do not meet the requirements, retests may be made using specimens taken from bars selected from other parts of the same heat in question. The second tests shall be made in the same manner as the first and on specimens taken from heat-treated bars.
11.2 If the retest results fail to meet the requirements of this specification, the heat may be resubjected to heat treatment and another retest made, the conditions being the same as those for test bars.
12. Test Reports
12.1 Test reports shall include all pertinent information required by the specification.
13. Keywords
13.1 high-temperature service; martensitic stainless steel; bars
