Ohms law
Ohms law, named after its discoverer, German physicist Georg Ohm, relates to electrical circuits, and states that the current through a given conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference (voltage) across the two points. The law is expressed mathematically as I=V/R, where I is the current, V is the voltage, and R is the resistance. It is one of the most fundamental principles in electrical engineering, and has wide applications in all electronics-related areas.
In electrical circuits, Ohms law defines the relationship between voltage and current. voltage is measured in volts, and is related to the electromotive force that causes the current to flow. When a voltage is applied across a circuit, an electrical current develops, with its size determined by the amount of resistance present in the circuit. The higher the resistance, the smaller will be the current.
Ohms law states that the relationship between voltage and current is proportional, so if the voltage is increased, the current will also increase. Conversely, if the resistance is increased, the current will decrease. This is illustrated in the diagram below, which shows a graph of voltage against current drawn from a simple circuit containing a resistor.
From the diagram, it can be seen that the relationship between voltage and current is linear; when the voltage is doubled (from 5V to 10V), the current is also doubled (from 0.4A to 0.8A). This is in keeping with Ohms law, which states that the current is proportional to the applied voltage.
Ohms law is important for understanding how electrical systems work, since it gives us a way to calculate the necessary voltage and current components in a circuit. By understanding how current is affected by the amount of resistance and voltage in the circuit, we can design complex electrical systems, such as motors and amplifiers, which will operate as intended.
The law is also important in the field of electronics, since it helps us to determine how various components such as resistors, capacitors, and transistors interact. By knowing how voltage, current and resistance are related, we can design complex electronic circuits and systems, which will behave in the desired fashion.
In conclusion, Ohms law provides us with an important tool for understanding and calculating the behaviour of electrical circuits. It is one of the most fundamental principles of electrical engineering, and is widely applied in many fields, from circuit design to instrumentation. With this knowledge, we are able to develop increasingly sophisticated electrical systems, and also to increase our understanding of how electricity behaves in the real world.
