d Bearings are indispensable components in modern machinery and equipments. The wide applications of rolling bearings are becoming more and more important in the development of modern machines. The manufacture and processing technology of bearings is also continuously developed and improved.
1. Bearing Parts
Bearings are composed of bearings, rings, rolling elements and cages. The function of the bearing is to guide the rotating part to reduce friction and improve the efficiency of the entire machine. Rolling bearings include three types: radial bearings, axial bearings and thrust bearings. Radial bearings include deep groove ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, spherical roller bearings and needle roller bearings. Axial bearings include angular contact ball bearings, thrust ball bearings and thrust roller bearings.
2. Bearing Manufacturing Technology
(1) Forging is a common method for manufacturing bearing rings. After ferrous and non-ferrous materials are heated and softened, three-dimensionally shaped forging molds are applied, and the forging force is transmitted to the material by the forging molds, so that the material plasticity and forging is completed.
(2)The most commonly used method for machining bearing inner and outer rings is turning. The inner and outer rings are clamped on the lathe spindle together and turned to the corresponding dimension.
(3)Roll Grinding is a necessary machining process for bearing rings. The inner diameter of the bearing ring is processed by grinding wheel with grinding wheel as grinding wheel, while the outer diameter of bearing ring is processed by grinding wheel with belt as grinding wheel.
(4)Lap grinding technology is often used for machining bearing inner and outer rings. Through the grinding lap, the Angle and position accuracy of the internal and external bearing ring surface are improved.
(5)Rolling processing is the last main process of bearing production. The purpose is to increase the hardness, provide good internal and external bearing ring surfaces, reduce the vibration and noise of the bearing, reduce the wear of the bearing and extend the service life of the bearing.
3. Bearing Assembly Technology
(1) Bearing ring assembling technology is divided into two parts: manual, semi-automatic and automatic assembly. The manual assembly is mainly based on the experience of the assembly personnel, using the rule of thumb to accurately select the bearing to the same size axis. The semi-automatic assembly uses machinery and equipment to select, measure and assemble sleeves and bearings, which is faster and more accurate than manual assembly. Automatic assembly removes much of the labor required for bearing assembly and greatly reduces production costs.
(2) Rolling element installation technology includes manual, semi-automatic and automatic installation methods. Manual method is suitable for single loading of small and medium-sized rolling elements. The semi-automatic installation method uses vibratory loading devices, centrifugal rolling element loading machines, roller element sterilization machines and rolling elements calibrating machines to install in batches. Automation installation methods mainly include roll element loading robots and roll element injection molding machines. These installation methods are fast and accurate.
(3) Cage technology is used to assemble cages. The cage assembly is mainly divided into two parts: Manual and semi-automatic assembly. Manual assembly is suitable for cages of different sizes, while semi-automatic assembly is mainly in the form of welding. In the welding process, subject to the influence of temperature, pressure and flow rate, the cage is deformed and its performance is affected, so the welding process is required for the cage to be processed.
4. Above is a brief introduction to the manufacture and processing technology of bearing components. With the development of technology and science, the bearing industry is also developing rapidly. It constantly introduces advanced production and processing technology in order to meet the requirements of modern machinery and equipment.
