Introduction
A submersible pump (or sub pump, electric submersible pump (ESP)) is a device which has a hermetically sealed motor close-coupled to the pump body. The whole assembly is submerged in the fluid to be pumped. The main advantage of this type of pump is that it prevents pump cavitation, a problem associated with a high elevation difference between pump and the fluid surface. Submersible pumps push fluid to the surface as opposed to jet pumps having to pull fluids. Submersibles are more efficient than jet pumps.
Working Principle
Submersible pumps operate by pushing, rather than pulling, fluid to the surface. This is done by pushing water from below, such as from a well, reservoir, or other water source. The submersible pump consists of a motor that is mounted on a sealed housing. The motor and pump are immersed in the fluid being pumped, so that when the motor is in operation, the pump is able to push the water upwards.
The impeller of a submersible pump is mounted on the motor shaft and is powered directly by the motor. This means that the impeller does not rely on a centrifugal force to move the liquid and, as a result, can perform efficiently in both high and low flow applications.
The size of the impeller is also important, as it must be large enough to handle theflow capacities of the system. The impeller is designed to increase the pressure around the pump, allowing it to move a larger volume of fluid with each rotation of the motor.
The motor used in a submersible pump is typically a brushless DC motor. This type of motor is not affected by the surrounding environment and is able to operate efficiently even when submerged.
Uses
Submersible pumps have a wide variety of uses in different industries. Some of the most common uses are listed below.
1. Water Supply: Submersible pumps are often used to pump water from wells and other sources of groundwater in residential and commercial applications. They can also be used to re-circulate water in ponds and other water features.
2. Sewage and Wastewater: Submersible pumps are also often used in sewage, wastewater, and slurry applications. These pumps are designed to handle the heavy solids and abrasive materials often found in these types of fluids.
3. Agriculture: Submersible pumps are also used in agricultural applications such as pumping water from wells and tanks.
4. Mining: Submersible pumps are often used in mining operations to pump water and other fluids from underground.
Conclusion
Submersible pumps are widely used for a variety of purposes in many different industries. Their ability to push rather than pull fluids, as well as their robust construction, makes them ideal for applications where other types of pumps would not be able to perform efficiently.
