Introduction
The oxy-fuel bent blow oval reverberatory (or BOF) is a steel melting furnace that uses oxygen-fuel for melting and refining operations. It is most often used in continuous casting of steel, as well as in steel-making processes. This type of furnace has a shank that is curved upwards and forces the molten steel to swirl in a cyclone-shaped motion. The swirling motion surrounding the bend in the shank not only reduces bubbles in the steel, but it also speeds up the refining process.
History
The BOF was developed by Siemens-Martin, a German company, and first used in 1902. The development of the synchronising, gaseous blowing system was an improvement on the original open-hearth steelmaking process and became the standard choice for steelmakers.
Function
The BOF operates much like a normal reverberatory furnace (RKF) with a few exceptions. In an RKF, the molten steel is generated and directed by two or three tuyeres (or nozzles) located at the base of the furnace. In a BOF, however, a curved shank is used to create a swirling motion known as a bend blow. This swirling motion helps to reduce bubbles, reduce slag formation and speed up the process of refining the molten steel.
In addition to the curved shank, the BOF also utilises high levels of oxygen. This oxygen is then mixed with either natural gas, propane, butane or acetylene. This mixture is then directed through the tuyeres located at the base of the furnace. This oxygen-fuel mixture helps to increase the heat of the furnace. It also helps to reduce the amount of slag, which is a substance composed of various metals and waste generated during the steel-making process.
Implications
The use of a BOF has many implications in the steel-making process. One of the biggest impacts is the potential reduction in cost. By using a BOF, the refining process can be sped up, which leads to a reduction in the overall cost of production. Additionally, the use of a BOF also has a positive impact on the environment. By using oxygen instead of natural gas, the amount of both nitrogen and sulfur oxide emissions is significantly reduced compared to traditional furnace processes.
Conclusion
The BOF has become the standard choice for many steelmakers around the world. This type of furnace is used to reduce bubbles, improve steel quality and reduce production costs. Additionally, its environmental benefits cannot be ignored, as it significantly reduces the amount of nitrogen and sulfur oxide in the air. Overall, the use of a BOF is a highly efficient and cost-effective option for many steelmakers.
