Fixed source pollution emission sulfur dioxide ( SO2) Detrmination - Potentiometric Electrolysis Method
Abstract
This paper discusses the detection and measurement of sulfur dioxide ( SO2) emission from stationary sources of pollution, using a potentiometric electrolysis ( the P.E. ) method. The detection process comprises a sample preparation process, a baseline measurement, and a standardization measurement . By comparing the two results , the amount of SO2 emission can then be determined . The P.E. method has been proven to be accurate and reliable, providing precise results after calibration calibration .
Introduction
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a harmful atmospheric pollutant, resulting from the emissions of stationary sources such as incinerators, waste dumps, and power plants. According to studies, prolonged exposure to high concentrations of sulfur dioxide can lead to adverse health effects such as increased respiratory symptoms, increased mortality, and decreased cardiorespiratory function (1). Therefore, detecting and measuring SO2 emissions from stationary sources is important in order to ensure a safe and healthy environment.
The potentiometric electrolysis (P.E.) method is one of the most effective ways to detect and measure sulfur dioxide emissions from stationary sources. The P.E. method is based on the potentiometric evaluation of the sample solutions established by the indirect titration with standard iodide solution. It provides precise results after calibration and is considered more reliable and accurate than other methods, because it requires fewer dilutions, which significantly reduces the amount of time it takes for analysis.
Sample Preparation Process
The first step in the detection process is to prepare the samples for analysis. The sample preparation process consists of two main steps: the acidification step, and the dilution step.
In the acidification step, the sample is placed in an acidified environment to neutralize and dissolve the organic compounds present. This is to prevent interference from organic compounds during the analysis. After acidification, the sample is then diluted to the desired concentration with distilled water.
The Baseline Measurement
The baseline measurement is the process of determining the potential of the sample solution prior to the titration. By establishing a range of potentials that do not interfere with the titration process, a “baseline” is set.
In the baseline measurement, the sample solution is placed in a three-electrode cell and the potential is measured. The potential of the sample solution is measured at 0, 7.5, 15, and 30 seconds intervals, until a stable potential is established. This is an important step, as it helps to reduce any potential errors that could have been caused by inaccurate measurements.
The Standardization Measurement
The standardization measurement is the process of titrating the sample solution with a standard iodide solution to determine the amount of sulfur dioxide present. The titration is conducted by adding small portions of the standard iodide solution to the sample solution until a change in the potential is observed.
The amount of standard iodide solution added is calculated, and the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the sample solution is determined. By subtracting the baseline measurement from the standardization measurement, the amount of sulfur dioxide present in the sample can be obtained.
Conclusion
The detection and measurement of sulfur dioxide emission from stationary sources of pollution can be an important part of ensuring a safe and healthy environment by reducing concentrations of pollutants in the air. The P.E. method is an accurate, reliable, and precise way of detecting and measuring SO2 emission. The method consists of a sample preparation process, a baseline measurement, and a standardization measurement, which, when combined, allow for the determination of the amount of SO2 emission from the source.
