Introduction
In the modern industrial production process, the accurate and rapid separation of high-weight particles from low-weight particles is often required. Magnetic separation is a common method used to achieve this objective. Magnetic separation equipment is a type of specialized material-separating equipment that utilizes the magnetic field generated by permanent magnets or electromagnets to separate magnetic materials from non-magnetic materials. It is a relatively simple Technological process, highly efficient, and low cost.
Magnetic Separation Technology
Magnetic separation technology involves the use of permanent magnets and electromagnets to create a magnetic field. This magnetic field interacts with the material, which can be easily separated since they all have different magnetic susceptibilities. Magnetic separator systems can be configured in various ways, to capture particles of different sizes and compositions. In many applications, the material is characterized into two different components; one being magnetically susceptible the other nonsusceptible. The magnetic separation equipment is responsible for the separation of these two components.
Magnetic separation equipment can vary from a simple, hand-held device to an elaborate, sophisticated automated system. This equipment uses a combination of permanent magnets, electromagnets and magnetic positioners to concentrate, focus or shape the magnetic field and create a uniform magnetic field. The magnetic field then interacts with ferrous materials to separate them from non-ferrous materials
Types of Magnetic Separation Equipment
The most common type of magnetic separation equipment includes an overhead magnet or an overbelt type magnet. These magnetic separators use either stationary permanent magnet or electromagnets situated above the conveyor belt. The magnet attracts and holds ferrous objects onto the conveyor belt until they are discharged. They are commonly used in the food industry and in materials processing.
Other types of magnetic separation equipment include drum magnets, rare earth roll separators, eddy current separators and radial field separators. Drum magnets are large cylindrical permanent magnets primarily used to remove ferrous metals from discharge streams. A rare earth roll separator consists of two rolls, one made of rare earth magnets and one non-magnet roll. The rare earth roll attracts ferromagnetic particles from the non-magnet and the ferromagnetic particles are released at the end of the roll. Eddy-current separators create a magnetic field by using an electrically powered rotating magnet. The rotating magnetic field induces a current in the nearby material which then causes repulsion. The repulsion has enough power to push the material away from the center and away from the magnetic field. This helps to separate materials with different magnetic susceptibilities. Radial field separators also use an electrically powered rotating magnet to create a powerful magnetic field. This powerful magnetic field acts like a magnet to attract ferromagnetic particles and separate them from non-magnetic materials.
Conclusion
Magnetic separation technology is a reliable, efficient, and cost effective way to process a variety of materials. By using either permanent magnets or electromagnets, magnetic separation equipment can be configured to concentrate, focus, or shape magnetic fields to separate various materials according to their magnetic susceptibilities. The most commonly used magnetic separator systems include overhead magnets or overbelt type magnets, drum magnets, rare earth roll separators, eddy current separators and radial field separators. Due to its versatile features and broad applications, magnetic separation technology is rapidly becoming an essential tool in the modern industrial production process.
