Principles of Selection for Cutting Fluids in Peripheral Milling
Milling is an important machining process, which is widely used in the production of machinery parts, machine tool industry and mold manufacturing. Among them, the cutting fluid plays an important role in its processing. Its main functions are to reduce the coefficient of friction between the cutting edge, reduce the temperature generated by the cutting, rinse the cut material, cool, lubricate and reduce the wear of the cutting edge, reduce flank wear and chip welding, reduce the destruction of cutting edge, reduce the cutting force, improve the cutting quality and process performance. Therefore, it is very important to select the right cutting fluid.
The selection of cutting fluid can be divided into two parts: general principles and detailed selection principles.
General Principles of Selection
1. According to the type, composition and function of the cutting fluid to be selected.
2. According to the material of the raw material to be cut.
3. According to the cutting parameters, cutting technology and cutting mechanism.
4. According to the environmental requirements of the workplace.
Detailed Selection Principles
1. Select cutting fluid according to cutting material
(1) Cutting fluid for Steel Parts: The steel parts are usually cut with neat cutting oil and soluble oil cutting fluid. In other words, when the cutting temperature is above 150 ℃ and the tool wears is high, low speed, high feed and low cutting speed, neat cutting oil should be used; when the cutting temperature is below 150 ℃, high speed, low feed and high cutting speed, soluble oil should be used.
(2) Cutting fluid for Castings: Generally, the cutting fluid for castings should have a larger amount of cutting fluid to ensure the lubrication effect, and the higher viscosity cutting fluid can reduce the cutting temperature and thermal dust. Therefore, emulsified oil should be used.
(3) Cutting fluid for Aluminum alloy parts: Due to its high thermal conductivity and good thermal stability, it cannot choose neat cutting oil, otherwise the cutting edge will easily become sticky and burn, so it is necessary to choose thin soluble oil or emulsified oil cool cutting fluid containing anti-scaling agent.
2. Selection of cutting fluid according to cutting parameters
(1) During the long-term cutting process of single-edge, two-edge and multi-edge milling cutters, attention should be paid to the flush of cutting chip and cutting fluid, and the selection of cutting fluid should also be appropriate. Generally, the cutting depth and cutting width should not be too large. When the cutting depth and feed per tooth are large, the cutting fluid with higher viscosity should be selected.
(2) In the end milling process of small end milling cutters, the cutting fluid should be selected according to the cutting depth, milling depth and other parameters. In particular, the cutting speed should not be too large. When the cutting speed is higher, the cutting fluid with higher viscosity should be selected.
3. Selection of cutting fluid according to environmental protection requirements
Nowadays, green environmental protection production is being actively promoted. Therefore, when selecting cutting fluid, attention should be paid to the selection of environmental protection cutting fluid. Generally, emulsified oil or water-soluble cutting fluid can be used, and eco-friendly emulsion or water-soluble cutting fluid can be selected. When the cutting temperature is high, neat cutting oil should be used.
When selecting cutting fluid in peripheral milling, the following principles should be followed: first, the cutting fluid should be selected according to the type, composition, function and environmental requirements; second, according to the cutting material and cutting parameters, the cutting fluid with appropriate viscosity should be selected; third, according to the environmental protection requirements, the appropriate environmental protection cutting fluid should be selected.
