Water wall, also known as the evaporative cooling wall, is an energy efficient form of passive cooling for buildings. Water walls are usually made of vertical concrete or metal panels that are filled with running water. The evaporative cooling process occurs when hot outside air passes over the water wall, releasing its latent heat and cooling the air. The water wall is most commonly used to cool large industrial buildings that have large open areas or are exposed to direct sunlight.
Water walls are very effective at cooling the inside of a building because they draw hot air off the surface of the wall, cooling it as it passes through. The wall’s water absorbent materials capture moisture from the air and release it back into the inside of the building, resulting in a cooler indoor environment. Water wall systems are highly effective at cooling the air in direct sunlight, as the walls absorb and radiate the sun’s solar rays. In direct sunlight, a water wall can reduce the indoor temperature by several degrees.
Water walls are relatively inexpensive to install, and require minimal maintenance and upkeep. They are also very durable and usually last for many years without needing to be replaced. The system’s only real disadvantage is that it is not very energy efficient, as the water typically needs to be heated, cooled and pumped to maintain a desired temperature.
Water walls are also very versatile, as they can be designed in various shapes and sizes to accommodate virtually any building. They can even be used to create outdoor spas and swimming pools. In these cases, water walls are typically made of plastic or fiberglass and are often used to shield visitors from the sun’s rays.
Water walls have many benefits, including their low cost and energy efficiency. They are a great passive cooling solution for both industrial and residential buildings, providing a comfortable and healthy indoor environment while consuming minimal energy.
