Horizontal machining centers generally have three axes, X, Y and Z. The X-axis allows the milling head to move left and right on the column; the Y-axis allows the table to move up and down along the column; and the Z-axis is the spindle that moves in and out of the workpiece.
Table size: Horizontal machining centers come in many different sizes, but the most common type used for machining centers is a square table that is typically 36x36”. The size of the table depends on the type of work being performed and the size of the workpiece.
Load capacity: The load capacity of a horizontal machining center is based on two factors: the weight of the workpiece and the total number of tools that can be used. Typically, machining centers are able to accommodate between 6500 and 20,000 pounds and can be equipped with up to 32 tools.
Speed: Horizontal machining centers have a wide range of cutting speeds that vary depending on the type of material being machined, the material’s hardness, and the size of the workpiece. Generally, machining centers are able to cut at speeds ranging between 200-2000 revolutions per minute (RPM).
Spindle power: The spindle power of a horizontal machining center depends on the size and type of the workpiece being machined. Generally the spindle is typically between 18 and 25 horsepower (HP).
Tool changers: Horizontal machining centers typically use a tool-changing system that allows for quick and efficient changing of tools. The tool changer can hold up to 32 tools, depending on the size and capacity of the machine.
Chip removal: Horizontal machining centers typically use a chip auger to remove chips and detritus from the work area. The chip auger is usually connected to a chip conveyor, which helps to keep the work area clean and free of debris.
Coolant: Horizontal machining centers typically use coolant to reduce heat buildup and help to improve machining performance. The amount of coolant needed depends on the specific material being machined and the size of the workpiece.
A CNC (Computer Numeric Control) system is the most common control system in use today. CNC systems allow for the input of a series of commands, which direct the machining center to create a specific shape from a block of material. The CNC system is typically controlled from an external computer or by manual input.
Horizontal machining centers provide a wide range of capabilities for machining metal, plastics and other materials. They are also typically accurate, reliable, and very efficient in their operation. For these reasons, they are often used in large manufacturing facilities and by small shops alike.
