Common Plastic Physical Properties
Plastics are commonly used in many different fields and applications due to their versatile physical, chemical, and thermal properties. They can be found in everything from packaging to construction and furniture and are valued for their low cost and ease of manufacture. However, the physical properties of plastics can vary widely depending on the polymer and the additives used. Here we will look at the physical properties of common plastics, as well as their uses and application.
Polyethylene (PE) is a thermoplastic material made from ethylene gas which has gained a wide variety of applications. It is particularly popular due to its flexibility, toughness, and resistance to shock, moisture, and chemicals. Other properties of polyethylene include a low melting point, excellent electrical insulation, and a low coefficient of friction. It is mostly used for packaging, food containers, toys, automotive applications, and medical devices.
Polypropylene (PP) is a versatile thermoplastic polymer which is widely used due to its high flexibility and impact resistance. It is resistant to acids, alkalis, and organic solvents and also has a low coefficient of friction and excellent resistance to compression and wear. It is commonly used for molded parts, such as protective packaging, pipes, automotive components, and toys.
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) is another popular thermoplastic polymer due to its ductility, recyclability, and its resistance to chemicals, electricity, and heat. It is used as a substitute for metal in many applications, including electrical insulation, pipes, plumbing fittings, window frames, and flooring. PVC is also commonly used for making artificial leather and other synthetic fibers.
Polystyrene (PS) is a synthetic material that is well known for its rigidity and transparency. It is a lightweight material and is highly resilient to both pressure and temperature, making it popular for packaging applications. It can also be used for insulation, electrical components, medical products, and toys.
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) is a strong, lightweight plastic commonly used in the automotive industry, due to its excellent impact resistance, solvent and heat resistance, and flame retardancy. It is also popular for its low cost, lightness, efficiency, and impact resistance and can be used for parts such as fenders, headlight housings, electrical components, and more.
Acetal (POM) is a high-performance thermoplastic polymer used in applications where its strength, stiffness, and hardness are needed. Its properties include excellent dimensional stability, low friction, and good fatigue resistance. It is commonly used for engineering components, gears, bearings, automotive parts, and more.
Polycarbonate (PC) is a polyester derived from carbonic acid and is an extremely strong, clear plastic with good chemical, electrical, and mechanical properties. It is very weight-efficient and can withstand extreme temperatures and impact forces. It is used for a range of applications such as automotive components, optical lenses, medical devices, and more.
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a type of highly resilient, synthetic material that offers good abrasion resistance and flexibility. It is often used for medical devices, automotive components, protective coverings, and more due to its elasticity and durability.
Nylon (PA) is a strong, lightweight, and versatile plastic which is widely used in bearings, gears, and other mechanical parts. It can be used for insulation, packaging, and other applications due to its low abrasion and moisture absorbency, strength, elasticity, and durability.
These are some of the most common materials used in plastic products and applications. Their physical properties can vary widely depending on the type of polymer used, their additives, and the production method. Therefore, it is important to understand the physical properties of the plastic material before choosing the right material for an application.
