2. Maintenance Practice of Electrical Equipment of Numerical Control Machine Tool (Part Two)
2.1 Check the Electrical Terminals
A numerical control machine tool has many electric terminals. These terminals must be inspected regularly to prevent poor electrical contact caused by corrosion or looseness, resulting in poor activation or intermittent activation. This can cause the CNC machine tool to fail to perform the required machining.
First, turn off the main power switch, and then open the terminal box. Check the terminals, whether the exposed screws and terminals are reliably connected and tightened, otherwise sensitive terminals need to be tightened. If the terminals are found to be rusty or corroded, it should be cleaned or replaced with a new one.
Inspect the connector and cable of the CNC machine tool power supply line. Whether it is covered with dirt and oxidation; whether it is damaged or ablated; whether the connection is reliable; if there is a disconnection, whether it is a good fastening; Pulling out the cable, check whether the plug and socket are bent, poor contact or broken, and replace it in time if it is damaged.
2.2 Fault Prevention
The numerical control machine tool needs to be repaired and maintained in order to ensure its safety and efficiency. The numerical control machine tool must be operated stably and reliably. In order to prevent and reduce the occurrence of faults, the following measures can be taken.
（1）The CNC machine tool should be cleaned in time. The dust accumulated in the dustproof cabinet and the dust in the gap of the electrical equipment should be removed in time.
（2）The CNC machine tool should be powered off regularly to prevent electrical circuits from overheating due to excessive current.
（3）Do not use bamboo and other flammable materials to drag cables to prevent sparks from damaging electrical components.
（4）Handle electrical components with caution and dont hit it in the process of installation and maintenance. Do not press the load switch suddenly when the CNC machine tool starts up, because it will cause instantaneous high current that may damage the electrical components.
（5）The electrical terminal box must be reliably insulated and kept dry, otherwise it may cause electric leakage and burn out components.
2.3 Maintain related electrical components
To maintain the CNC machine tool, experience and skills are also required for electrical maintenance. Electricians often need to maintain and repair various electrical components for various faults, such as contactors, relays, motors, etc.
The contactor shall not be stuck in the closed state. When it cannot be opened after manual operation, the cause shall be checked. After replacing the contactor, the contact point arc extinguishing device shall be checked to ensure its good performance during closure and opening.
Where necessary, the scale of the contactor can also be adjusted. For example, the contactor used in the CNC machine tool must be adjusted correctly to prevent damage to the electrical system due to overloading.
The relay can be checked in the same way as the contactor. If it is not sensitive, troubleshooting should be done. At the same time, check whether the welding points of terminals are reliable.
The maintenance of the motor includes manual inspection, overhaul and overhaul. The motor is an important component of the CNC machine tool. If it fails, it affects the whole lap. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently check whether the wiring terminals are loose and so on, and to frequently use oil to clean the motor.
Conclusion
With the continuous advancement of the manufacturing industry and the great development of industrial control, the mechanical and electrical integration of modern machine tools has made great progress. In order to ensure the normal function and long service life of CNC machine tools, regular maintenance and repair of the electrical system is necessary. Therefore, maintenance technicians must not only be familiar with the structure and working principle of the electrical system, but also have relevant experience in troubleshooting and maintenance of the electrical system.
