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The ignition temperature is an important parameter of a combustible liquid or gas. It is defined as the minimum temperature of an explosive gas-air or liquid-vapor mixture which can cause flame propagation when the explosion is initiated by a specified source of energy. The ignition temperature of a combustible material can be determined by the flash and fire point methods. Both methods use a standard apparatus to determine the temperature at which the material starts burning in the presence of an ambient air. GB 5332-85 outlines the procedures for determination of the ignition temperature of inflammable liquids and gases by flash and fire point methods.
The flash point method involves slowly heating the combustible liquid sample or gas mixtures to higher temperatures in a closed cup and measuring the temperature at which the combustible material ignites. This value is known as the flash point. To prevent the sample from being heated up too much, the cup must be cooled down at regular intervals while the sample is being heated. The fire point method is similar to the flash point method, but the sample is heated to a temperature slightly higher than the flash point. This higher temperature is the fire point and indicates the temperature at which the combustible material will continue to burn.
The apparatus used in both methods consist of an enclosed cup made of metal with an opening at the top, a stirrer, and a heating coil. The fuel sample is placed in the cup and heated slowly in the presence of ambient air. The sample is stirred with a stirrer until it is completely homogeneous. The temperature of the sample is then measured and recorded with a thermometer at 10 minutes intervals. When the material ignites, the temperature is measured and recorded as the flash or fire point depending on the method used.
The flash or fire point should be determined at least twice and the two results should not differ by more than 2 °C. If the temperature measured is above the ignition temperature, the test should be repeated. During the test, the sample must not be heated too rapidly, or it may become overheated and burst, and the test should not be continued beyond the flash or fire point.
The ignition temperature should be determined in accordance with GB 5332-85 as this standard outlines the necessary procedures and apparatus to ensure accurate results. In addition, the procedures in this standard can be used to ensure that the test is carried out safely and without any risk of accidents.
