Rolling bearings and sliding bearings both have their advantages and disadvantages in various technical applications. This article will discuss the differences between the two and the advantages of each in certain applications.
Rolling bearings are constructed of two rows of inner and outer hardened steel rings, separated by rolling elements such as balls or rollers. The inner and outer rings are both typically grooved and contain the rolling elements which are held in place by retainers. Rolling bearings are able to carry larger loads and offer higher radial loads but are limited in their axial loading capabilities. They are designed for use in applications where a large load is to be carried, such as in electric motors or geared shafts.
Sliding bearings bushings or plain bearings use a thin layer of lubricant between the bearing and the shaft to reduce friction and eliminate wear. Unlike rolling bearings, they do not employ hardened steel inner and outer rings and instead the entire sliding bearing is formed from a single piece of metal. The sliding bearing is capable of both radial and axial loading capabilities and is excellent for applications which require high speed and low wear, such as in machine tools.
However, sliding bearings are also limited in their load carrying capabilities and are prone to wear, making them less suitable for applications which require large loads. Rolling bearings are more expensive to produce, since two rings must be manufactured rather than one. This can impact the overall cost of the product.
In conclusion, the choice between rolling bearings and sliding bearings comes down to the needs of the application. Rolling bearings are able to carry larger loads and provide higher radial load capabilities, making them ideal in applications with large loads, such as geared shafts. Sliding bearings are more suited to applications with high speeds and low wear, such as machine tools, as well as applications which require axial loading capabilities. Ultimately, understanding the application and the requirements of the product can help to determine which type of bearing is best suited to the job.
