The Elite Theory
In political studies, elite theory is a theory of the state that seeks to describe and explain the power relationships in contemporary society. It focuses on the organizational structure of power and the relationship between the governing class, or elite, and civil society. Elite theory is also known as plutocracy or oligarchy, where the social and political systems are governed by the wealthy, powerful, and influential few.
The theory of elite states that power is held by a small number of individuals or organizations, who dominate political decision-making. The elite are organized through formal institutions such as the government, economy, and social systems. They are the decision-makers and have the power to influence and shape society and the economy.
The elite theory asserts that most of the power to rule lies in the hands of a small number of individuals or organizations. According to the theory, these individuals or organizations govern in order to benefit their own personal interests. This includes economic and political interests. Elite members are able to control the elections and appointments of political leaders, thus maintaining their own power and influence.
The theory also states that the political and economic behavior of the elite is guided by their own self-interest. Elite members often make decisions that prioritize the interests of the elite over the interest of the entire population. This can lead to a situation of unequal power distribution and corruption.
In addition to the power of the elite, the theory also acknowledges the existence of the “non-elite” or the masses. The theory states that despite having limited power compared to the elite, the non-elite still have significant influence. The non-elite can protest, demonstrate and take action to oppose the actions of the elite. They can focus on the issues that the elite are ignoring, and can also create organizations to lobby for changes in public policy.
Elite theory has been at the forefront of political thought in recent years as a way to analyze and explain the power distribution within a society. It has been used to analyze a variety of different political systems, ranging from democratic to autocratic. The theory has been used to explain why certain individuals or organizations have more power than others and how this power impacts the distribution of resources throughout society.
Despite its use as an explanatory tool, elite theory has been criticized by many. Critics have argued that it promotes a kind of inequality and elitism that is contrary to the spirit of democracy. Others have argued that it ignores the importance of a people’s power and fails to recognize the agency of the non-elite.
Overall, the elite theory is an important part of political studies and continues to be highly debated. It is important for any student of political science to understand its basic tenets and how it is used in politics. Its critics may be valid, but the theory provides valuable insight and analysis into the power dynamics within a society.
