Cutting Tool Knowledge
Cutting tools play an essential role in metal fabrication, metal machining and metal cutting operations determining the execution of a diverse variety of machining processes. Suppliers of cutting tools must possess an in-depth knowledge of the material removal process so that they can recommend the most suitable cutting tools for specific applications. Furthermore, the suppliers must continue their research in this field to make sure that their products are able to keep up with modern manufactoring practices. This article will address the importance of cutting tool knowledge as well as the fundamentals of cutting tools.
First, cutting tools can be classified into two categories according to the cutting edges: single point and multi-point cutting tools. Single point cutting tools include lathe tools, single-point turning tools, drills, reamers, milling cutters, end mills, and counterbores. As the name suggests, these tools have only a single cutting edge. This cutting edge renders these tools suitable for producing parts with simple geometry.
Multi-point cutting tools, on the other hand, have multiple cutting edges. This gives them the capability of machining parts with complex geometries. Examples of multi-point cutting tools are milling cutters, end mills, and countersinks. Furthermore, multi-point cutting tools offer users a much larger range of cutting angles and depths. This makes them a better choice for machining operations that require intricate features that can only be achieved with multiple passes.
Second, cutting tools are composed of three primary components: the tool body, the cutting edges, and the holder. The tool body determines the shape and size of the tool, while the cutting edges determine the type of cut that the tool can produce. The holder is the part of the cutting tool that is attached to a machine and serves as a support for the tool body as it performs its cutting operation. This holder is often referred to as a “toolholder”, and it can be composed of multiple parts such as collets, retainers, and clamps.
Third, cutting tool knowledge includes understanding the most suitable cutting tool for each materials that you plan to cut. This knowledge helps the machinist to maximize the cutting process through the selection of the appropriate tool. Therefore, not only is it important to know the correct cutting tool geometry, but also the specifics of the metal being cut. This means that you must be familiar with the composition, grain size and hardness, and cutting speed for each material.
Fourth, cutting tools must be cared for to ensure their functionality for an extended period of time. This means that the cutting tool must be kept free of rust and burrs. Furthermore, it is important to sharpen the cutting edge periodically to eliminate any nicks that may have been obtained while it was in use.
Finally, although cutting tool knowledge is indeed essential for successful metal machining operations, the best cutting tool will be of no use if not applied correctly. This is why it is also important to understand how to properly secure the tool in the holder and how to correctly feed, retract, and rotate the cutting tool during the machining operation.
In conclusion, cutting tool knowledge is essential for the successful execution of metal machining operations. This knowledge includes understanding the classification of cutting tools, the components of cutting tools, the most suitable tool for each material, and how to properly care for the cutting tools in order to ensure their effectiveness. Furthermore, learning how to secure and utilize a cutting tool correctly is also essential for successful metal machining operations.
