Introduction
Groundwater infiltration is an important feature of water cycle in Chinese hydrologic system and subsurface environment. The use of groundwater infiltration technology is necessary to ensure the sustainable use of water resources and the prevention of water pollution. It is also important to improve the poor water resources in many areas of China. Groundwater infiltration technology has been widely used in recent decades, but much work has still to be done to perfect it and make it more effective. This paper discusses the principles of groundwater infiltration technology and thoroughly examines its various applications in China.
Theory of Groundwater Infiltration Technology
Groundwater infiltration technology is based on the principle of gravity. It is a method of engineering involving the use of a seepage basin, infiltration trenches, and other means to direct water from higher elevations to lower elevations. This process is also known as “pressure gradient-controlled infiltration” and is designed to move a large amount of water through the subsurface quickly. The goal is to maximize the efficiency of water infiltration and minimize surface runoff of the water.
Infiltration basins are the most common groundwater infiltration technology utilized by engineers. They are constructed by digging a basin or depression into the soil, creating an area where water can collect and seep into the subsurface. In some areas, infiltration trenches are also employed to direct water flows into underground gravel beds, where the water is then allowed to seep into the soil.
Applications of Groundwater Infiltration Technology
Groundwater infiltration technology is used in water-saving irrigation and groundwater recharge systems. By directing surface water into the subsurface, engineers can reduce surface runoff and increase the efficiency of existing water resources. This technology is also essential for restoring and protecting the ecological health of ecosystems. In many areas of China, where water resources are scarce, infiltration technology is used to improve water availability throughout the region.
Groundwater infiltration technology is also used to manage stormwater runoff in urban areas. This technology prevents contaminated runoff from entering storm drains, which can lead to serious environmental problems. It is also used in other urban areas to prevent flooding, reduce water pollution, and preserve existing water resources.
Conclusion
Groundwater infiltration technology is a valuable tool for managing and improving water resources in China. This technology is based on the principle of gravity and utilizes a variety of techniques, such as infiltration basins and infiltration trenches, to direct surface water into the subsurface. Groundwater infiltration technology is used in many areas of China to save water and reduce pollution, as well as to improve the water quality and ecological health of ecosystems. With the continued development of this technology, Chinese engineers and scientists are well positioned to help maintain water resources and protect the environment.
