Hydrogens Effects on Coating
Introduction
Hydrogen is a major component of the universe, and can have significant effects on its environment. In particular, the effects of hydrogen on coatings and other materials used in the production and protection of metal products can be dramatic. While hydrogen is commonly known for its detrimental effects on metal products, it is also responsible for the development of new and improved coating products.
Hydrogen and Corrosion
Hydrogen is a unique element, in that it is capable of accelerating the rate of corrosion on metal surfaces, and can penetrate material that is not normally accessible to water or oxygen. When hydrogen penetrates the surface of a metal, it reacts with the metal atoms, forming metal hydride compounds. These compounds continue to react, resulting in a widening of the corrosion area, or “pitting”, which can damage the metal structure and weaken the product.
When hydrogen is exposed to metal on a molecular level, it reacts with the metal’s internal structure by diffusing through its surface. This results in the metal’s walls becoming weakened and pitted, as hydrogen atoms react with the metal’s atoms and form metal hydride compounds. These compounds accumulate and expand, weakening the metal and resulting in corrosion. In addition, hydrogen can form a strong bond with certain metals, such as stainless steel, resulting in the formation of hydrogen embrittlement.
Coatings as a Solution
In order to protect metal products from the harmful effects of hydrogen, coatings are used to provide a layer of protection to the metal surface. These protective coatings help to limit the exposure of the metal surface to hydrogen and its detriments, while at the same time providing a physical barrier to the environment that can stop the ingress of water and oxygen. Coatings can also help to reduce corrosion, as they usually contain rust-inhibiting elements.
Coatings are also used to improve the properties of metals as well as to provide a range of additional functionality. Many coatings contain corrosion inhibitors, which can help to reduce corrosion rates, while others also provide a degree of passivation, which helps to reduce the penetration of hydrogen into the metal. Additionally, certain specialised coatings are available which are designed to repel and dissipate hydrogen, protecting the underlying metal from pitting, embrittlement, and other detrimental affects.
Conclusion
The effect of hydrogen on coatings and other materials used in the production and protection of metal products can be significant. In particular, hydrogen is capable of causing accelerated corrosion, pitting, and embrittlement of metals. To combat these detrimental effects, coatings and other protective measures are used to provide a barrier to the environment and to limit hydrogen’s damaging effects. By using appropriate coatings, metal products can be protected from hydrogen and its damaging effects, while at the same time enjoying enhanced durability and performance.
