Introduction
Steel is an essential material for bearing industry, which is an important component of rolling bearing components.Its properties determine the performance and working life of rolling bearings.In order to ensure uniformity and reasonable price of the steel materials used for rolling bearings, international standards, GB, ASTM, JIS, DIN, AFNOR and other international organizations have set a series of steel designation standards for various industries, including rolling bearing steel.
Sorting according to steel designation standards
Steel designations for rolling bearings can be divided into two parts.
One is low alloy steels, which are mainly composed of carbon and low alloy elements.This type of steel is mainly used in standard deep groove ball bearings and angular contact ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, spherical roller bearings, needle roller bearings and taper roller bearings, among which 100Cr6 is the most commonly used steel.In addition, there are alloy steels with good properties such as carburising steel、lead hardened steel、chrome hardened steel、heat-treated steel、case-hardened steel and stainless steel.
The other is high alloy steels.High alloy steels are mainly composed of carbon and alloy elements, which have good wear resistance and high strength, and are widely used in rolling bearings with high performance and long service life requirements.They are widely used in high-speed and high-performance deep groove ball bearings, single-row angular contact ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, thrust ball bearings, self-aligning roller bearings and Needle roller bearings.
Steel designation standards
China: national standards (GB/T) for steel designation
1.GB/T 18254---Alloy carburizing bearing steel
2.GB/T 18255---Low-alloy bearing steel
3.GB/T 18256---High-alloy bearing steel
United States:American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
1.ASTM A295--High temperature bearing steel (Cromenk–Manganese type）
West Germany:German Industrial Standard (DIN)
1.DIN 17230——Carbon bearing steel
2.DIN 17230——Chromium bearing steel
3.DIN 17210——Chrome-manganese bearing steel
France:Association Française de Normalisation (AFNOR)
1.AFNOR NF A35-553-90——Carbon bearing steel
Japan:Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS)
1.JIS G 4805——Suj2 High Carbon Chromium Bearing Steel
Conclusion
This article introduces the steel designation standards for various rolling bearing steel.Standard steel type between countries may be different.The selection of steel should not only consider the steel types, but also consider other elements, such as the bearing structure, size, precision, applicable environment, dynamic load and other factors, to ensure the performance and reliability of the rolling bearing.
