Blues is a musical style that has evolved from African-American musical traditions. It evolved from spirituals, chants, hymns, and folk music. The style is characterized by blues scales or chords, unique guitar riffs, and heartfelt lyrics that speak of troubles and tribulations. As a creative art form, the blues has been passed down through generations and transcends social, economic, and cultural boundaries.
The history of the blues can be traced back to the days of unnamed African-American slaves living in the Southern United States. The workers had to adapt to the oppressive system they lived under and use music as a form of expression. It is said that the “moan” of the workers’ work songs and spirituals eventually evolved into the blues.
The foundational elements of traditional blues include the use of blue notes, which are common notes in the blues scale. Blue notes are microtones, or notes that are slightly sharp or flat, that are used to create a sound that conveys a certain degree of sorrow or sadness. The basic 12-bar blues form is also a mainstay of the genre and consists of three chords: I, IV, and V. This form gives a specific structure to the song, allowing musicians to improvise while staying within the form.
The first blues song to ever be published was “The Dallas Blues” by Hart Wand in 1912. By the 1920s, the style had become popular across the country and was beginning to influence jazz music. This influence is seen in the style of Louis Armstrong, who blended both genres together in his song “Delilah.”
The rise of the electric guitar during the ’50s and ’60s marked another milestone for the blues. Players like B.B. King, Muddy Waters, Howlin’ Wolf, and Robert Johnson produced some of the greatest blues songs ever recorded during this time, introducing a new sound with the addition of the electric guitar.
In the early 2000s, the blues was revitalized by a new generation of artists. Some of these artists, such as John Mayer, Ben Harper, and Dr. John, explored a hybridized sound between the blues and other genres of music such as rock, Cuban, and hip-hop.
Today, the blues is still popular around the world. It has had an immense influence on countless styles of music and continues to attract new fans. The blues has truly become a timeless art form, appreciated by many and passed down by generations.