Deep hole drilling and boring machine parameters
Deep hole drilling and boring machines are specialized equipment used to create large holes in a variety of materials. The tooling used in these machines feature tools with long cutting edges, sometimes from over a foot in length, and can cut to depths up to eight feet deep. While standard machines are designed to create helical and straight holes, machines are available for a variety of custom applications and for contoured surfaces.
Tool design:
The tool design of deep hole drilling and boring machines differs from other machine tools due to the large cutting edges. This allows for a larger contact surface with the cutting material, which permits a greater range of machining operations. In turn, this permits the machines to drill accurately into hard materials, including such exotic alloys as high-speed steel.
Feed rate:
The feed rate of these machines is typically much slower than other machine tools, due to the large size of the hole being created. The feed rate ranges from 25 to 90 millimeters per minute depending on the size of the hole and material being machined. It is important to select the correct feed rate to assure maximum precision and optimize tool life.
Tool materials :
The cutting tools utilized on deep hole drilling and boring machines are made from very hard materials such as high-speed steel, cobalt alloys, cemented carbide, and diamond tipped. Depending on the type of material being machined will dictate the tool material used. For instance, a diamond tipped tool may be used for drilling into very hard materials, where a tool made from high-speed steel would be more appropriate for softer materials.
Controls:
The controls of these machines vary depending on the size and complexity of the project. Some machines feature manual controls, while others utilize computerized controls with integrated software. Computerized controls offer a greater degree of precision and accuracy due to their ability to access a variety of cutting parameters.
Spindle speeds :
The spindle speeds of deep hole drilling and boring machines range from 200 to 1000 RPM, depending on the size of the hole being machined and the cutting material. Most machines feature an adjustable speed setting, allowing for greater flexibility when drilling into various materials.
Cooling systems :
The majority of these machines feature built-in cooling systems that allow for continuous cutting without overheating. The cooler serves to cool the cutting tools as they drill into the material, permitting a greater degree of accuracy and reducing the risk of tool failure. Some machines also feature an advanced cooling system that helps to minimize thermal distortion.
Depth gauges:
Depth gauges are available on some machines, providing the operator with an exact measurement of the depth the hole has been drilled to. This ensures that the depth remains constant throughout machining, minimizing any errors that may occur.
Safety features :
Safety features are imperative when operating these machines, as they are typically large and heavy. Most machines feature multiple safety features, such as emergency shut off switches, plastic shielding, covers for exposed parts, and guards. Many machines also come equipped with an integrated ventilation system that helps to keep the air clean and free from hazardous particles.
