The Detection of the Appearance Dimensions of Steel Rail
Steel rail is a kind of very important railway component, due to its important role, the steel rail must meet the corresponding technical standards when it is used in the production process. In the detection of the appearance dimensions of steel rail, the focus should be placed on the uniformity, size and shape of the rail, which are the important factors to guarantee the normal operation of the rail.
I. Measuring Principle
In the detection of the appearance dimension of steel rail, the size and shape of the rail should be inspected first. As most steel rail is of round type, the inspection of size and shape mainly includes the roundness and size control of the rail profile. The deviation of the roundness should not be greater than 0.3mm, and the deviation of the length and width of the rail should not be greater than 0.2mm.
The uniformity of the rail refers to the uniformity of the elasticity and plasticity of the rail in different parts. The uniformity of the elasticity is mainly determined by testing the elasticity under different pressures of the rail, ensuring that all parts of the rail have the same elasticity means that the elasticity of each part of the rail meets the requirements of the designed standard. The uniformity of plasticity can be determined by testing the corresponding plasticity parameters of the rail, that is, by inspecting the surface quality of the rail and the surface roughness, to determine the uniformity of the plasticity of the rail.
II. Equipment Requirements
In order to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the testing of steel rail appearance dimension, it is necessary to use corresponding dedicated detection equipment.
First of all, it is necessary to use a roundness detector, which can accurately test the roundness of the rail, which is a core indicator to ensure the quality of steel rail.
Secondly, a length and width detector is needed to measure the length, width and uniformity of the rail. By measuring the length and width of the rail, it can be determined whether the size of the rail meets the requirements.
Also, hardness testing machine should be used to test the hardness of the cross section of the rail and the elasticity of the rail in order to check the uniformity of the hardness, elasticity and plasticity of the rail.
Third, universal testing machine must be used to detect the corresponding tensile strength and yield strength of steel rail. The testing of the two parameters is a substantial indication of the quality inspection of steel rail, and it is an important index for the quality of the finished product steel rail.
IV. Influence Factors
The appearance size defects of steel rail are often caused by incorrect process parameters and operational errors during the production process.
In terms of process parameters, if the process parameters do not meet the required requirements, it will lead to the defects such as surface flaws, roundness errors, deformations and torsions, which will directly affect the appearance size of the steel rail.
In terms of operation, if the steel rail is improperly placed during the transportation process, it will cause certain bending deformation, which will lead to the size error of the cross section of the rail, thus affecting the appearance size of the rail.
At the same time, other factors such as the hardness of the steel rail and the impact strength of the rail may also lead to the defects of the appearance size of the steel rail.
V. Conclusion
In summary, the detection of the appearance dimensions of steel rail is an important link in the production process of steel rail, and the corresponding inspection methods and equipment appropriately should be used to check the roundness, size and shape of the steel rail, so as to ensure the high quality of the steel rail.
