Iron and Steel Material Density Table
Iron and steel are among the most commonly used materials in many different industries. They have many unique properties, such as strength, durability, conductivity and corrosion resistance, that make them an ideal choice for a wide range of applications. In addition, iron and steel can be produced in a range of densities, which is important to know when designing and constructing with these materials. Here is a guide to the densities of some of the most commonly used iron and steel materials.
Carbon Steel
Plain carbon steel is generally supplied in the ‘As Rolled’ condition, which is relatively low in density. These materials usually range from around 0.284 g/cm3 to 0.291 g/cm3 competingly. If the steel is heat-treated, which is fairly common for carbon steels, this can significantly increase the density up to 0.325 g/cm3.
Structural Steel
Structural steel is another type of steel commonly used in construction. This type of steel has a carbon content of around 0.25 - 0.3 percent by weight and is considered to be stronger than plain carbon steel. Structural steel can have varying densities depending on the type. For example, structural steel beams and columns usually range from around 0.283 g/cm3 to 0.368 g/cm3, while structural steel sheets and structural steel plates typically range from 0.281 g/cm3 up to 0.323 g/cm3.
Stainless Steel
Stainless steel is a type of steel that contains at least 10 percent chromium and is highly resistant to corrosion. This type of steel is often used where a material needs to withstand both high temperature and corrosion. Stainless steel usually has a much higher density than carbon steel and can range from around 8.0 g/cm3 up to 8.1 g/cm3.
Cast Iron
Cast iron is a type of iron that is formed by pouring molten iron into a sand or clay mould. It is much less ductile than steel and is generally used in applications where a material must withstand extremely high pressures. The density of cast iron can vary significantly depending on the type, but it typically ranges from 7.2 g/cm3 up to 7.87 g/cm3.
Tool Steel
Tool steel is another type of steel that is often used for applications where a tough material is needed, such as in the manufacture of cutting tools or machine parts. The density of tool steel can vary significantly depending on the type and composition, but it typically ranges from 7.70 g/cm3 up to 8.03 g/cm3.
High-Speed Steel
High-speed steel is another type of steel that is designed for use in applications where a tool or part must withstand high levels of heat or stress. The density of high-speed steel usually ranges from 7.8 g/cm3 up to 8.00 g/cm3.
Alloy Steel
Alloy steel is a type of steel that contains a range of other elements in combination with iron and carbon. This type of steel is often used in applications where extra strength or corrosion resistance is needed. The density of alloy steel can vary significantly depending on the composition, but it typically ranges from around 7.7 g/cm3 up to 8.03 g/cm3.
It is important to be familiar with the densities of materials, as this can have a significant impact on the strength and durability of an item. Before beginning any project, it is important to research and understand the properties of the materials being used in order to ensure the final product is of the highest quality.
