ASTM A480M-1998 General requirements for flat-rolled stainless and heat-resistant steel plates, sheets, and strips (1)

ASTM A480/A480M-1998 Standard Specifications for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet and Strip

1. Scope

1.1 This specification covers a group of common requirements which, unless otherwise specified in the individual product specification, shall apply to rolled flat products consisting of plate, sheet, and strip in the following categories:

Category 1. Austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steels.

Category 2. Ferritic stainless steels.

Category 3. Martensitic and martensitic-ferritic stainless steels

Category 4. Chromium-manganese-nickel austenitic stainless steels.

Category 5. Ferritic and martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steels

Category 6. Chromium and chromium-nickel steel

Category 7. Heat-resisting chromium and chromium-nickel steel

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM standards:

A240/A240M-93 Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels

A263-91 Specification for Stannic and Stannic-Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Sheet and Strip for Pressure Vessels

A268-90 Specification for Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service

A276-99 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes

A312/A312M-93 Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes

A314-93 Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for Forging

A370-92 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products (except castings)

A483-96 Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Cold-Heading Wire for Cold-Heading and Cold-Forging

A484/A484M-93 Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings

A479/A479M-92 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels

A668/A668M-96 Specification for Hot-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes and Other Products

A688-90 Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service

A783-89 Specification for Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip and Plate

A814/A814M-93 Specification for Cold-Working of Steel Bars and Low-Alloy Steel Bars

3. Definitions

3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:

3.1.1 coiled product: a product produced as a result of rolling slit-edges of sheet, band, or strip stock.

3.1.2 edging: the rolling of a slight ridge along the side of the product after all longitudinal edges have been sheared.

3.1.3 heavy-gauge product: a flat product having a specified allowable thickness of 5.00 mm or greater.

3.1.4 hot- or cold-rolled sheet: sheet produced in flat-rolled product form from product having an initial gauge greater than or equal to 5.00 mm.

3.1.5 hot-rolled strip: strip produced in product form from product having an initial gauge greater than or equal to 5.00 mm.

3.1.6 light-gauge product: a flat product having a specified allowable thickness less than 5.00 mm.

3.1.7 material: a flat product, usually of uniform thickness, acquired in any of the available forms, either as semifinished or finished product.

3.1.8 product form: sheet, strip, or band, as applicable to the product being discussed.

3.1.9 quarter-hard condition: a temper characterized by a full-hard condition (see definition 3.1.20) that has been subsequently reduced in thickness by passing through one set of reverse rolls.

3.1.10 soft anneal: a process or treatment for stress relief of material involving an elevated temperature followed by cooling to room temperature, although slower cooling may follow if heavier sections are involved.

3.1.11 soft-tempered condition: a temper equivalent to a quarter-hard condition (see definition 3.1.9) that has been subsequently further reduced in thickness by passing through two sets of reverse rolls.

3.1.12 specimen: a test sample, either from the product or from a separate scrap coupon, as applicable.

3.1.13 skim-cut number: the sequence number in which the product was cut from the mill coil.

3.1.14 strip: a product having the metric equivalent of nominal thickness of 0.30 mm or greater and a width of 600 mm or less.

3.1.15 temper condition: a cold-working operation usually performed on flat-rolled material in strip form to obtain, as closely as possible, a combination of hardness, strength, and formability.

3.1.16 thin-gauge product: a flat product having a specified allowable thickness less than 0.30 mm.

3.1.17 thickness: the weakest point dimension parallel to the rolling plane.

3.1.18 width: the widest point dimension, perpendicular to the rolling plane.

3.1.19 fully-hard condition: a temper characterized by a high degree of stiffness and low degree of ductility; thin sheet material in the fully-hard condition will usually crack on the edges when bent, either manually or by use of tools.

3.1.20 full hard temper: a temper in which the cold-rolled sheet has been reduced to the greatest percent reduction possible without strain-hardening the material.

4. Ordering Information

4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information:

4.1.1 Title of specification;

4.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue;

4.1.3 Category number;

4.1.4 Chemical composition;

4.1.5 Type of Condition—full hard, two or one set of reverse rolls, soft annealed, or solution annealed as applicable;

4.1.6 Thickness, width, length, and other specific requirements, if any.

4.2 Optional requirements and additional requirements may be specified in the order.

5. Materials and Manufacture

5.1 The material shall be manufactured from semifinished product.

5.2 The production of semifinished product shall be subject to approval by the manufacturer and by the purchaser, and shall comply with the requirements of the applicable product specifications.

5.3 Cold-working shall be done after full annealing and before solution treating, as applicable, and shall be done to produce the required temper condition.

6. Dimensions, Dimensions Tolerances, and Mass

6.1 Dimensions—The product shall be supplied in the approved product form in the specified thickness, width and length, or in coil form.

6.2 Dimensions Tolerances—The delivery tolerances on width and thickness shall comply with the requirements of the appropriate product specification.

6.3 Mass—Mass shall be in accordance with applicable product specifications.

7. Chemical Composition

7.1 Chemical composition shall be within the limits specified in the applicable product specifications.

8. Product Marking

8.1 Each length or coil shall be legibly marked with the manufacturer’s trade name and/or brand; the assigned alloy identification; and the temper condition, except that on band, temper conditions may be omitted.

8.2 The manufacturer’s designation (skim-cut number) shall be indicated on each product.

9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance

9.1 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance—Material furnished to this specification shall have workmanship, finish, and appearance suitable for its intended use and application.

10. Retests and Retractions

10.1 Retests and Retractions—Additional testing, such as mechanical testing, may be required to determine suitability of the material for its intended use.

11. Prices

11.1 Prices—Prices for products furnished to this specification shall be as agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.

12. Sampling

12.1 Sampling—Sampling shall be in accordance with applicable product specifications.

13. Test Methods

13.1 The test methods applicable to material specified in this specification shall comply with the requirements of the applicable product specification.

14. Regulatory Requirements

14.1 All material shall be produced and processed under the authority of appropriate governmental regulatory bodies and agencies.

15. Reprocessing

15.1 Reprocessing—In the event of nonconformity to this specification, material may be reprocessed to bring it into conformance, provided such reprocessing shall not affect its like properties as covered by this specification.

16. Certification

16.1 An authorized representative of the manufacturer shall submit a written certification that the material was produced, sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with the requirements of this specification.

ASTM A480M-1998 is an American standard that covers the requirements for the flat rolling of stainless steel and heat-resistant steel plates, sheets, and strips. This standard covers materials in widths up to and including 1250 mm (49 inches), and in thickness from 0.1 mm (0.004 in.) up to 25.4 mm (1 in.). The mechanical properties of the material must adhere to the requirements laid out in the standard.

The ASTM A480M-1998 standard designates the material with two different classifications. These two classifications are: ferritic, austenitic and austenitic-ferritic. The ferritic class is defined as those materials that exhibit a ferrite structure at room temperature and which do not develop an austenitic structure when annealed. The austenitic group includes alloys that are highly corrosion resistant and those that have a martensitic structure. The austenitic-ferritic group includes alloys that exhibit a mixture of ferrite and austenite at room temperature and when annealed.

The mechanical properties of the material must also meet certain criteria. This includes the minimum yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and hardness. The minimum yield strength must be no less than 205 N/mm2 (30,000 psi). The tensile strength must be no less than 510 N/mm2 (74,000 psi). Elongation must be no less than 10%. Finally hardness must be no greater than 0.25% reduction in area.

The mechanical testing of the material is done in accordance with the standard ASTM A480M-1998. All of the tests that are performed must meet the requirements of the standard. These tests include the tensile test, the Vickers hardness test, and the Charpy impact test. The Vickers hardness test measures the hardness of the material through the application of a diamond pyramid indenter. The Charpy impact test measures the ability of the material to absorb energy upon impact.

Overall ASTM A480M-1998 is a key US standard for the flat rolling of stainless steel and heat-resistant steel plates, sheets, and strips. It lays out important requirements regarding the mechanical properties, widths, and thicknesses of the materials. Furthermore, it also lays out the mechanical testing requirements for the material and dictates that all of the tests must meet the criteria of the standard.