Citizenship in the United States is an important concept, as it defines who can reside, visit, and use certain services in the country. It also defines the rights and privileges of citizens. Through the birthright principle, many people are automatically given citizenship and, in some cases, dual citizenship. Other people may acquire citizenship through naturalization or through military service.
The United States Constitution, drafted in 1787, states that everyone born in America is a citizen. Through the Fourteenth Amendment, adopted in 1868, the birthright principle has been more broadly extended. Today, any person born in the US is automatically considered a citizen, regardless of their parents’ citizenship. This includes children of undocumented parents and those of American citizens born while abroad.
Those born in American territories are also “natural born citizens,” provided that the territories are under the jurisdiction of the United States. It is also possible for a person to acquire dual citizenship, depending on where their parents were born or what type of visa they used. Dual citizenship is not automatic and requires paperwork.
Aside from the birthright principle, citizenship in the United States may be acquired through naturalization. Typically, applicants for naturalization must demonstrate a permanent legal residency in the US for at least five years and pass a test on civics and government. To be eligible for this process, individuals must also meet physical residency requirements, speak English, and pledge allegiance to the United States.
In specific cases, military service may also confer citizenship. Those who serve in the US Armed Forces and are either honorably discharged or in active duty are eligible for a process called expedited naturalization. They must still meet English, civics, and physical residency requirements.
Citizenship in the United States entitles citizens to certain rights, including many voting rights, access to state and federal public assistance, and the ability to get a US passport and travel to certain countries. It also gives citizens the right to apply for federal jobs and serves as proof of identity. Being a citizen also means that those who are able to vote can have a say in the government and its policies.
Ultimately, citizenship in the United States is an important concept that affords many rights and benefits to its citizens. Through either the birthright principle or through naturalization, citizenship is granted to those that meet the requirements set out by the US government. Citizenship also provides tangible benefits to citizens, such as the right to vote and travel, but more importantly, empowers citizens to shape their own destiny. In this way, citizenship promises citizens both physical and emotional protection and bonds them to their American home.
