Mark Twain once said, “It is not the size of the dog in the fight, it is the size of the fight in the dog.” When banks and their regulators got into a standoff over the size of the safety net for the U.S. financial system in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis, they were all made to look smaller than they would have liked.
The battle between the big banks and their regulators involved two camps — the mega banks, which wanted unfettered room to grow and profitable businesses, and the regulators, who wanted to constrain their growth and limit risks to the financial system.
The mega banks were pushing for less oversight and an exemption from the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act, which imposed new capital and liquidity requirements on banks. They argued that these rules would prohibit them from growing.
At the same time, regulators wanted the mega banks to limit the size and scope of their businesses, believing that the banks had become too large and complex to risk.
In the end, the regulators won the battle, but it was far from a total victory. The Dodd-Frank Act was enacted in 2010, imposing a host of rules and restrictions. Though the mega banks were no longer exempt from these rules, they still managed to make some concessions on capital and liquidity requirements.
The regulators’ victory was important, as it ensured that banks would operate with more transparency and lower their risk-taking. But it was also a Pyrrhic victory in the sense that the banks still managed to escape the fully punitive nature of the rules they had initially sought to challenge.
The battle between the mega banks and their regulators demonstrated the power of the financial system to resist change and the battles of will that must be fought in order to make it happen. Though the regulators ultimately won the standoff, its clear that the fight was far from over.
The consequences for the U.S. financial system, however, were positive—with a series of reforms now in place, banks are able to better protect their investors and act as stewards of their customers money. And, in the long run, the limits on their growth have proven to be beneficial—with smaller and less complex banks, the risk of collapse has been significantly reduced.
Ultimately, the face-off between the mega banks and their regulators showed that size isnt everything. It matters how a bank uses its size and it matters how willing the bank is to change its ways. This is no doubt an important lesson to be learned in the wake of the financial crisis.