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Characteristics and Performance of ToughHigh-Hardness WC–Base Alloy in Japan
Abstract
High hardness WC–base alloy is used in many applications in the aerospace, heavy industry and medical fields. This paper discusses the characteristics and performance of toughhigh-hardness WC–base alloys developed in Japan, which are mainly used in the tooling and medical sectors. The basic composition and main characteristics of these alloys, their microstructure and mechanical properties have been described. Their performance and characteristics have been compared with those of other kinds of hard metal alloys available in the market. This paper also provides an overview of how properly made toughhigh-hardness WC–base alloys can be used for various applications in the above-mentioned sectors.
Keywords: WC–base alloy, high-hardness, microstructure, mechanical properties, application
1. Introduction
High hardness WC–base alloy is a material with a wide range of applications, from aerospace to medical to heavy industry. These materials are highly versatile due to their superior mechanical properties, making them great candidates for various materials used in high-end applications. The focus of this paper is on the WC–base alloys developed in Japan, which have excellent hardness, wear resistance and pressure resistance characteristics.
WC–base alloy is a three-component material consisting of tungsten, cobalt and a binding metal such as iron or nickel. The main feature of this alloy type is its high hardness, which makes it suitable for many cutting and machining applications. WC–base alloys have superior mechanical properties compared to other grades of hard metal alloys, making them suitable for specifically designed applications in high-end sectors such as aerospace, heavy industry and medical. In addition to their superior mechanical properties, the WC–base alloy also has low friction, making it an ideal material for components that require wear resistance.
The main objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the characteristics and performance of toughhigh-hardness WC–base alloys developed in Japan. The characteristics and performance of these alloys, their microstructure and mechanical properties will be discussed in detail. Furthermore, how properly made toughhigh-hardness WC–base alloys can be used for various applications in the above-mentioned sectors will be analyzed.
2. Composition and Characteristics
The composition of the WC–base alloy developed in Japan is usually composed of tungsten carbide (WC), cobalt (Co) and a binding metal such as iron or nickel (Fe or Ni). The main feature of this alloy is its high hardness, which is usually greater than 2000 HV. The higher the tungsten to cobalt ratio, the higher the hardness of the alloy. The tungsten content of the alloy is typically between 65% and 80%, and the cobalt content is typically between 3% and 10%. The amount of binding metal depends on the application for which it is intended. For example, higher amounts of binding metal are usually used for applications that require low friction, whereas lower amounts are used for applications that require high hardness.
The main characteristics of the WC–base alloy developed in Japan are its high hardness and wear resistance. The hardness of the alloy is usually higher than other grades of hard metal alloys, and its wear resistance is also generally good. Additionally, WC–base alloy is also resistant to high pressures and can be used in applications where high forces are present.
3. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
The microstructure of the WC-base alloy developed in Japan is composed primarily of a face-centered cubic (FCC) tungsten carbide grains. The grains are usually 5 to 6 nm in size and are mostly spherical in shape. The binding metal is usually precipitated in a network of cobaltat various points within the tungsten carbide grains, forming what is known as a sinter-bonded structure.
The mechanical properties of WC–base alloy are largely dependent on the relative amount of tungsten, cobalt and binding metal in the alloy. Generally, the higher the tungsten to cobalt ratio, the higher the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy. The strength of the alloy is also affected by the precipitates of binding metal in the microstructure. Generally, the larger the precipitates, the higher the strength of the alloy. The toughness of the alloy is usually good, although it is dependent on the amount of cobalt in the alloy.
4. Performance and Comparisons
The performance of WC–base alloy is usually good in terms of its hardness and wear resistance. The hardness of the alloy is usually higher than other grades of hard metal alloys. The wear resistance of the alloy is also usually good, and it is generally better than other grades of hard metal alloys.
When compared to other hard metal alloys, the WC–base alloys developed in Japan generally have better performance in terms of hardness and wear resistance. However, the strength of the alloy is usually lower than that of other hard metal alloys, although it can be improved by increasing the amount of cobalt in the alloy.
5. Applications
WC–base alloy can be used for a wide range of applications in the aerospace, heavy industry and medical sectors. It can be used in the tooling industry for cutting tools, dental and surgical instruments, aerospace components and other hard wearing parts.
When properly manufactured, the alloy can be used in high-end aerospace components due to its excellent hardness and wear resistance. Additionally, it can be used in heavy industry as wear-resistant components, and in the medical sector for surgical instruments and dental instruments.
6. Conclusion
WC–base alloy is a material with a wide range of applications, from aerospace to medical to heavy industry. In this paper, the characteristics and performance of toughhigh-hardness WC–base alloys developed in Japan have been discussed in detail. The basic composition and main characteristics of these alloys, their microstructure and mechanical properties have been described. Their performance and characteristics have been compared with those of other kinds of hard metal alloys available in the market. Finally, an overview of how properly made toughhigh-hardness WC–base alloys can be used for various applications in the above-mentioned sectors has been presented.
